The type 2 isoform of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD2), which catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to hormonally inactive cortisone in man, is principally expressed in the placenta and mineralocorticoid target tissues, kidney and colon. To date, few studies have addressed the regulation of this novel 11 beta-HSD2 isoform. We have characterized the nature and regulation of the 11 beta-HSD activity expressed in a human cytotrophoblastic cell line, the JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell. The 11 beta-HSD activity in JEG-3 cell homogenates required NAD+ as cofactor with NADP+ ineffective and demonstrated a high affinity for cortisol (apparent Km 31 nM). Incubation of JEG-3 cells with forskolin and dibutyryl cyclic AMP increased 11 beta-HSD2 activity several-fold in a time-dependent manner, while treatment with phorbol ester had little, if any, effect on 11 beta-HSD2 activity. Northern blot analysis of RNA isolated from JEG-3 cells after these treatments demonstrated a marked increase in a 1.9 kb 11 beta-HSD2 mRNA species in cells treated with forskolin for 24 h. We conclude that 11 beta-HSD2 is regulated by activation of the protein kinase A pathway, but not the protein kinase C pathway in human choriocarcinoma cells, and that this regulation occurs at a pretranslational level. JEG-3 cells provide an excellent model for further studies on the regulation of 11 beta-HSD2 gene expression in human trophoblast tissue.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0160269 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Comparative Analysis of and Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical Strains.
Microorganisms
January 2025
School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that can cause invasive listeriosis. In this study, the virulence levels of 26 strains of isolated from food and clinical samples in Shanghai, China, between 2020 and 2022 were analyzed. There were significant differences among isolates in terms of their mortality rate in , cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells, hemolytic activity, and expression of important virulence genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate alleviates fetal growth restriction by mediating aquaporin-3 expression in placental trophoblast cells.
FASEB J
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is characterized by the inability of the fetus to achieve its growth potential due to pathological factors, most commonly impaired placental trophoblast cell function. Currently, effective prevention and treatment methods of FGR are limited. We aimed to explore the pathogenesis of FGR and provide potential strategies for mitigating its occurrence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTGFβ1 Restores Energy Homeostasis of Human Trophoblast Cells Under Hyperglycemia In Vitro by Inducing PPARγ Expression, AMPK Activation, and HIF1α Degradation.
Cells
January 2025
Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada.
Elevated glucose levels at the fetal-maternal interface are associated with placental trophoblast dysfunction and increased incidence of pregnancy complications. Trophoblast cells predominantly utilize glucose as an energy source, metabolizing it through glycolysis in the cytoplasm and oxidative respiration in the mitochondria to produce ATP. The TGFβ1/SMAD2 signaling pathway and the transcription factors PPARγ, HIF1α, and AMPK are key regulators of cell metabolism and are known to play critical roles in extravillous trophoblast cell differentiation and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 Activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) Do Not Provoke Adverse Effects in Trophoblast Spheroids.
Am J Reprod Immunol
January 2025
Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Problem: Although it is still uncertain whether Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) placental infection and vertical transmission occur, inflammation during early pregnancy can have devastating consequences for gestation itself and the growing fetus. If and how SARS-CoV-2-specific immune cells negatively affect placenta functionality is still unknown.
Method Of Study: We stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from women of reproductive age with SARS-CoV-2 peptides and cocultured them with trophoblast spheroids (HTR-8/SVneo and JEG-3) to dissect if SARS-CoV-2-activated immune cells can interfere with trophoblast functionality.
Elevated levels of exogenous prolactin promote inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface via the JAK2/STAT5B signaling axis.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
The placenta is a unique organ with various immunological and endocrinological roles that modulate maternal and fetal physiology to promote maternal-fetal tolerance, pregnancy maintenance, and parturition at term. During pregnancy, the hormone prolactin (PRL) is constitutively secreted by the placenta and is necessary for implantation, progesterone support, fetal development, and overall immune modulation. While PRL is essential for pregnancy, studies suggest that elevated levels of serum PRL (hyperprolactinemia) are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage, preterm birth, and preeclampsia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!