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- Researchers studied strokes from 1990 to 2021 to understand how many people get them and how they are affected around the world.
- In 2021, strokes caused about 7.3 million deaths and were a major cause of health problems, especially in specific regions like Southeast Asia and Oceania.
- There are differences in stroke risks based on where people live and their age, and some areas actually saw more strokes happening since 2015.
Low Levels of Serum Total Vitamin B12 Are Associated with Worse Metabolic Phenotype in a Large Population of Children, Adolescents and Young Adults, from Underweight to Severe Obesity.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2023
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy.
Vitamin B12 (or cobalamin) is an essential vitamin for DNA synthesis, fatty acid and protein metabolism as well as other metabolic pathways fundamental to the integrity of cells and tissues in humans. It is derived from the diet and mostly stored in the liver. Its deficiency has been associated with metabolic derangements, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Management and Therapy of Precocious Puberty in the Sapienza University Pediatrics Hospital of Rome, Italy.
Children (Basel)
October 2023
Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Puberty identifies the transition from childhood to adulthood. Precocious puberty is the onset of signs of pubertal development before age eight in girls and before age nine in boys, it has an incidence of 1/5000-1/10,000 with an F:M ratio ranging from 3:1 to 20:1. Precocious puberty can be divided into central, also known as gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty or true precocious puberty, and peripheral, also recognized as gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty or precocious pseudopuberty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSerum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients.
Ital J Pediatr
August 2023
Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, Unit of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 98126, Messina, Italy.
Background: Endocan is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan (50 kDa) secreted by endothelial cells and expressed by dermal, coronary, pulmonary and adipose tissue microvasculature. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular disorders, inflammatory state, endothelium dysfunction and neoangiogenesis. Aims of the study were to compare fasting serum endocan levels between children with obesity and healthy controls and to investigate the relationships between endocan, body mass index (BMI) and other indices of cardiometabolic risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex non-specific growth charts and potential clinical implications in the care of transgender youth.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
August 2023
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) created separate growth charts for girls and boys because growth patterns and rates differ between sexes. However, scenarios exist in which this dichotomizing "girls versus boys" approach may not be ideal, including the care of non-binary youth or transgender youth undergoing transitions consistent with their gender identity. There is therefore a need for growth charts that age smooth differences in pubertal timing between sexes to determine how youth are growing as "children" versus "girls or boys" (e.
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