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LONG-LASTING EFFECTS OF EARLY POSTNATAL DYSFUNCTION OF THE BRAIN MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM ON LEARNING AND MEMORY AND ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS.
Georgian Med News
November 2024
Lab. Neurobiology of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Aim: The present investigation aimed to explore in rats the early postnatal dysfunction of the brain muscarinic cholinergic system (EPDMChS) during the most vulnerable period of postnatal development, as the possible main factor for changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and disorders in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory.
Methods: White inbred rats (n=15 in each group) were used. EPDMCHS was produced by a new method, which includes early postnatal blocking of M1-M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat pups, using subcutaneous injection of Scopolamine during postnatal days 7-28.
Early exposure to a cholinergic receptor blocking agent mitigates adult obesity and protects pancreatic islet function in male rats.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil.
We tested the hypothesis that attenuation of the circulating insulin level in rats during early life can provide sustained protection against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction in adulthood. Male Wistar rats received intraperitoneal scopolamine butylbromide (SB) during the first 12 days of suckling, whereas control rats received 0.9% saline injections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-acting muscarinic antagonist and long-acting β-agonist combination for the treatment of maintenance therapy-naïve patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review.
Ther Adv Respir Dis
October 2024
Primary Care Respiratory Group, Winnsboro, SC, USA.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Faster lung function impairment occurs earlier in the disease, particularly in mild-to-moderate COPD, highlighting the need for early and effective targeted interventions. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2024 report recommends initial pharmacologic treatment with a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and long-acting β-agonist (LABA) combination in group B (0 or 1 moderate exacerbation not leading to hospitalization, modified Medical Research Council score of ⩾2, and COPD Assessment Test™ score of ⩾10) and E (⩾2 moderate exacerbations or ⩾1 exacerbation leading to hospitalization and blood eosinophil count <300 cells/µL) patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic regulation of microglia and neurons by proinflammatory signaling following adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure and in human AUD.
Adv Drug Alcohol Res
March 2024
Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Adolescent alcohol drinking is linked to high rates of adult alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Neurobiology of Alcohol Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) consortium adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) models adolescent binge drinking, followed by abstinent maturation to adulthood to determine the persistent AIE changes in neurobiology and behavior. AIE increases adult alcohol drinking and preference, increases anxiety and reward seeking, and disrupts sleep and cognition, all risks for AUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-term evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a novel 20% oxybutynin hydrochloride lotion for primary palmar hyperhidrosis: An open-label extension study.
J Dermatol
November 2023
Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
The long-term safety and efficacy of 52-week application of oxybutynin hydrochloride 20% lotion (20% OL) for the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPHH) in Japanese patients aged ≥12 years were evaluated in an open-label extension (OLE) of a 4-week, randomized, double-blind (DB) study. The OLE included 114 patients who completed the DB study and wished to continue treatment and 12 new patients. In the safety analysis population (125 patients), the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was 79.
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