Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the CT features of infradiaphragmatic air that may develop in patients after mechanically assisted ventilation, its location, its pathway of transdiaphragmatic dissection, and its extension into the abdomen.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated six consecutive adult patients with pneumomediastinum associated with positive end-expiratory pressure therapy who developed intraabdominal air and were imaged with CT in our institution-between 1993 and 1995. Abdominal CT examinations were reviewed and correlated with the clinical findings, follow-up examinations, and exploratory laparotomies in four patients.
Results: In four patients, air present in the anterior mediastinum (endothoracic fascia) was seen to extend into the anterior abdominal wall within the extraperitoneal space. In a fifth patient, the air was located extraperitoneally and intraperitoneally. In the remaining patient, air was present exclusively in the peritoneal cavity. In only two patients did we detect small amounts of air in the posterior retroperitoneum. In five patients, we also detected subcutaneous emphysema and/or air dissection into the muscle planes of the anterolateral abdominal wall.
Conclusion: In patients on mechanically assisted ventilation, anterior mediastinal air can dissect through the diaphragm into the anterior abdominal extraperitoneal space. This anterior pathway of infradiaphragmatic extension of air can be erroneously diagnosed as intraperitoneal air, which may lead to unnecessary exploratory laparotomies. Also, anterior mediastinal air can enter the peritoneal cavity, particularly in patients with a history of median sternotomy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.167.3.8751691 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and may cause fever, nausea, headache, or meningitis. It is currently unclear whether the epidemiological characteristics of the JEV have been affected by the extreme climatic conditions that have been observed in recent years.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics, trends, and potential risk factors of JE in Taiwan from 2008 to 2020.
World J Emerg Surg
January 2025
Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Urban Planning and Design, the University of Hong Kong, 8/F, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Background: Emerging research found air pollution may be associated with incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. However, few studies have examined these associations at the global scale. This study aimed to assess the dynamic associations between ambient air pollution and the burden of AD and other dementias worldwide.
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January 2025
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
Plasma is considered as the fourth state of matter, and atmospheric cold plasma (cold plasma) is a type of plasma consisting of ionized gases containing excited species of atoms, molecules, ions, and free radicals at near room temperature. Cold plasma is generated by applying high voltage to gases, causing it to ionize thus forming plasma. Although cold plasma has been found to break seed dormancy and improve germination rate, only a few studies have explored the potential of cold plasma against insect herbivory.
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January 2025
Support Centre for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
This study aims to establish an imitation task of multi-finger haptics in the context of regular grasping and regrasping processes during activities of daily living. A video guided the 26 healthy, right-handed volunteers through the three phases of the task: (1) fixation of a hand holding a cuboid, (2) observation of the sensori-motor manipulation, (3) imitation of that motor action. fMRI recorded the task; graph analysis of the acquisitions revealed the associated functional cerebral connectivity patterns.
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