Recent trials on the efficacy of drugs and hormones in lowering cholesterol and correcting lipoprotein profiles are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the risk-benefit ratio, which determines the clinical value of therapeutic regimens. Whereas 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors have set a standard for treatment of hyperlipidaemia, the role of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women in the prevention of coronary artery disease has more recently become better defined.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199512000-00004 | DOI Listing |
Histol Histopathol
December 2024
Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Sex hormones regulate gut function and mucosal immunity; however, their specific effects on the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the rectum of mammals remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the influence of sex on MALT in the rectum of mammals by focusing on the rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (RMALTs) of C57BL/6NCrSIc mice. Histological analysis revealed that RMALTs were predominantly located in the lamina propria and submucosa of the rectal mucosa, with a significant sex-related difference in the distance from the anorectal junction to the first appearance of the RMALT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily associated with aging, but manifests as a complex interplay of multiple factors. Decline in sex-hormones, particularly 17-beta estradiol, is linked to the aging process. The risk for onset of AD significantly increases with aging and loss of estradiol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Background: Poor sleep is associated with neurodegenerative diseases underlying dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD). Performing assessments within clinical or laboratory settings may influence validity, however feasibility of home sleep and memory assessments in this population is currently undetermined. This study aimed to identify whether remote home-based sleep and memory research including wearable technology was feasible in older adults with MCI and dementia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Memory and Aging Center, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Background: The earliest cognitive manifestations of asymptomatic and prodromal familial frontotemporal dementia (f-FTD) mutation carriers are still being characterized. Patients with symptomatic FTD are known to be error prone, particularly on tasks of executive function, but little is known about the frequency or predictive utility of these errors in the earliest stages of f-FTD. The current study compared error rates on executive functioning tasks in controls and asymptomatic and prodromal mutation carriers and investigated whether errors predict worsening clinical status as follow up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Odessa National Maritime University, Odessa, Ukraine.
Background: Alzheimer's disease can cause sleep disturbances in humans, which can worsen other symptoms of the disease.
Method: In our study, we examined the sleep patterns of 23 patients with Alzheimer's disease, aged 65-74 years (20 women and 3 men), over 4 months. All patients reported experiencing poor sleep, including difficulty sleeping in the ward, frequent awakenings during the night, early morning awakenings, and daytime sleepiness.
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