Results of morphometric study of ultrastructure of axosomatic and axospinous synapses of rat sensomotor neocortex after DSIP administration and in hypoxia showed that the peptide administration resulted in multidirectional changes in these type contacts in intact animals. This, apparently, is connected with their different functional specialization. Preliminary DSIP administration prevented changes, appearing in hypoxia in most of the parameters studied both in axosomatic and axospinous synapses.
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Neuroscience
December 2012
Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
C1 catecholamine neurons reside within the rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM), an area that plays an integral role in blood pressure regulation through reticulospinal projections to sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the thoracic spinal cord. In a previous investigation we mapped the efferent projections of C1 neurons, documenting supraspinal projections to cell groups in the preautonomic network that contribute to the control of cardiovascular function. Light microscopic study also revealed putative local circuit connections within RVLM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynapse
February 2009
Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, USA.
Psychostimulant drug experience leads not only to long-lasting changes in behavior but also modifications in the activity and morphology of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The objective of this study was to establish whether repeated treatment of rats with amphetamine (AMPH) is accompanied by changes in the pattern or types of synapses in the mPFC and, specifically, onto neurons that project to the lateral hypothalamus, where our earlier work has shown increased markers of neuronal activity after repeated AMPH treatment (Morshedi and Meredith [2008] Psychopharmacology (Berl) 197:179-189). Rats were treated with a behaviorally sensitizing regimen of AMPH, following which synapses in the infralimbic and prelimbic cortices of the mPFC, were analyzed with unbiased stereology (physical disector and electron microscopy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCereb Cortex
July 2008
Laboratory of Structural Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478, USA.
Previous work in animal models has shown that projections from the basolateral amygdala (BLA) progressively infiltrate the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) from birth to adulthood, with the most dramatic sprouting occurring during the postweanling period. GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) interneurons in the human homolog of the rat mPFC have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, an illness with an onset that is delayed until late adolescence. Here we investigated the interaction of BLA fibers with mPFC GABAergic interneurons from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P120 using anterograde tracing and immunocytochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Comp Neurol
July 2007
Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 1083.
Type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) is the principal receptor for endocannabinoids in the brain; it mainly occurs in preterminal/terminal axons and mediates retrograde neuronal signaling mechanisms. A large body of physiological and electrophysiological evidence indicates the critical role of CB1 in the regulation of hypothalamic functions. Conversely, the distribution of CB1-containing axons in the hypothalamus is essentially unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Neurosci
June 2007
Laboratory of Genetics, the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Although new and functional neurons are produced in the adult brain, little is known about how they integrate into mature networks. Here we explored the mechanisms of synaptogenesis on neurons born in the adult mouse hippocampus using confocal microscopy, electron microscopy and live imaging. We report that new neurons, similar to mature granule neurons, were contacted by axosomatic, axodendritic and axospinous synapses.
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