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Platelet-sparing properties of aprotinin: A scoping review on mechanisms and clinical effects.

Eur J Anaesthesiol

January 2025

From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven (LLWV, SR, RVdE), and the Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (LLWV, SR, RVdE).

Background: Cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with the risk of acquired coagulopathy, including dysregulated fibrinolysis, which can result in life-threatening bleeding complications. Aprotinin, an antifibrinolytic agent, has been recommended for the prevention of these complications. Its effectiveness has been attributed to its ability to nonspecifically inhibit various serine proteases involved in the coagulation and fibrinolysis cascade.

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Cost analysis study comparing the impact of treatment with aprotinin versus tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Ann Pharm Fr

November 2024

CHU de Bordeaux, unité de pharmacie clinique, service pharmacie à usage intérieur, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France; Université Bordeaux, Inserm Bordeaux Population Health Research Center team Pharmacoepidemiology, UMR 1219, université de Bordeaux, Case 11, 146, rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Université Bordeaux, Inserm, biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires, U1034, avenue de Magellan, 33600 Pessac, France. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Aprotinin was taken off the market in 2008 due to safety concerns but was reintroduced in France in 2018. A study was conducted to compare its effectiveness with tranexamic acid in high-risk cardiac surgery patients.
  • Economic analysis showed no significant difference in overall costs between the two treatments, but the tranexamic acid group incurred higher costs for blood products.
  • The initial higher cost of aprotinin is compensated by the greater expenses of blood products required for patients treated with tranexamic acid.
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Background: Aprotinin, a serine protease inhibitor, has been used variably in cardiac surgery amidst ongoing debates about its safety following several previous studies. This study assesses the outcomes of aprotinin in high-risk isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (iCABG) patients.

Methods: The study retrospectively analysed a cohort of 1026 iCABG patients, including 51 patients who underwent aprotinin treatment.

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Background: Biomarkers of fibrinolysis are elevated during acute immunologic reactions (allergic reactions and angioedema), although it is unclear whether fibrinolysis is associated with disease severity.

Objectives: We investigated a possible association between maximum lysis (ML) measured by thromboelastography and the severity of acute immunologic reactions.

Methods: We recruited patients with acute immunologic reactions at a high-volume emergency department.

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Antifibrinolytics have gained increasing attention in minimizing blood loss and mitigating the risks associated with massive transfusions, including infection and coagulopathy in pediatric patients undergoing spine surgery. Nevertheless, the selection of optimal agent is still a matter of debate. We aim to review the utility of these agents and compare the efficacy of antifibrinolytics in pediatric and adolescent spine surgeries.

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