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Chronic pancreatitis.

Lancet

December 2025

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive fibroinflammatory disease primarily caused by a complex interplay of environmental and genetic risk factors. It might result in pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency, chronic pain, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. The diagnosis is based on the presence of typical symptoms and multiple morphological manifestations of the pancreas, including pancreatic duct stones and strictures, parenchymal calcifications, and pseudocysts.

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As an alternative instead of a repeat surgical intervention, results (feasibility, safety, and technical and clinical success rate) of EUS-guided pancreatic duct drainage (EUS-PD) in a consecutive patient cohort because of symptomatic postoperative anastomotic stenosis as part of a unicenter observational study in daily clinical practice are presented.EUS-guided puncture (19-G needle) of the pancreatic duct, pancreaticography, and advancement of a guide wire (0.035 inches) via the anastomosis into the small intestine after previous dilatation of the transgastric access site (using ring knife): 1.

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A pancreatic fistula is defined as the leakage of pancreatic fluid into another organ or compartment because of pancreatic duct disruption or pseudocyst formation. It is most often seen in middle-aged men between 40 and 50, particularly in patients who have a history of chronic alcoholism and pancreatitis. The tract may fistulae into the pleura, creating a pancreaticopleural fistula, an exceedingly rare condition presenting as a recurrent pleural effusion and extremely high amylase levels, a key distinguishing factor in diagnosis.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pancreatic cystic lesions are becoming more common due to improved imaging techniques, necessitating thorough evaluation since some may be cancerous.
  • The study analyzed patients with persistent abdominal pain at a military hospital over six months, leading to 88 cystic lesions identified through endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and further assessment with fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).
  • Results showed that most patients had a history of pancreatitis, with the majority of lesions located in the pancreatic body, primarily involving pancreatic pseudocysts, and all EUS procedures were successfully completed.
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Background: Difficulties in making an accurate preoperative diagnosis of cystic pancreatic lesions pose a challenge for radiologists. It would be helpful to report rare cases and review the literature.

Case Summary: In the present report, a case of a patient with a pancreatic cystic lesion initially misdiagnosed as a pseudocyst by radiologist was documented, which was later pathologically confirmed as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine tumor.

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