Study of the interferon system parameters, natural killer activity, and immunologic characteristics in patients with acute tick-borne encephalitis confirmed that addition of interferon preparations to combined therapy is pathogenetically justified. Reaferon was conducive to shortening of the manifest period of the disease and to alleviation of its symptoms, but it depressed its own interferonogenesis. Viferon had not only a positive impact on the time course of clinical parameters, but promoted a more active recovery of interferon production and immunologic parameters.
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J Integr Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
The complicated neurological syndrome known as multiple sclerosis (MS) is typified by demyelination, inflammation, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Managing this crippling illness requires an understanding of the complex interactions between neurophysiological systems, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic methods. A complex series of processes, including immunological dysregulation, inflammation, and neurodegeneration, are involved in the pathogenesis of MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
December 2024
Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Mycobacterial infections are an important emerging zoonosis in companion animals for which diagnostic options remain imperfect, and the canine immunological response to these infections has been poorly investigated. We sought to further define the cellular response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from dogs infected with , as determined using a commercial interferon-gamma response assay (IGRA). To this end, PBMCs from healthy or infected dogs were collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
January 2025
Laboratory of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Nucleic acid (NA)-based drugs are promising therapeutics agents. Beyond efficacy, addressing safety concerns-particularly those specific to this class of drugs-is crucial. Here, we propose an in vitro approach to screen for potential adverse off-target effects of NA-based drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Biosciences, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NF, UK.
The immune system and neuroinflammation are now well established in the aetiology of neurodegeneration. Previous studies of transcriptomic and gene association studies have highlighted the potential of the 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) to play a role in Alzheimer's disease. OAS1 is a viral response gene, interferon-induced, dsRNA activated enzyme, which binds RNase L to degrade dsRNA, and has been associated with COVID-19 response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
About 296 million people worldwide are living with chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection, and outcomes to end-stage liver diseases are potentiated by alcohol. HBV replicates in hepatocytes, but other liver non-parenchymal cells can sense the virus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of macrophages on HBV marker and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expressions in hepatocytes.
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