Leukocytoconcentration is an easy, fast and inexpensive technique for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis from peripheral blood. The technique involves concentration of blood parasites on a small surface of a microscope slide while the red blood cells are removed by lysis. The results, compared with those of other methods (examination of cultures of blood samples and bone marrow smears), were very good and accurate. All but one of our cases of leishmaniasis were patients with HIV co-infection. Leukocytoconcentration facilitates follow-up of cases and fast detection of any relapse.
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