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Mycotoxicoses in Veterinary Medicine: Toxins, Grass Staggers, and Neothyphodium Toxins.
Front Biosci (Elite Ed)
May 2024
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Fungi are a large group of eukaryotic microorganisms that can readily adapt to diverse environments and occur in almost all climatic zones and continents. Although some fungi are inevitable in the environment for the decay and recycling of organic material, many species are known to produce secondary metabolites, and these mycotoxins, when ingested with food or feed materials, can adversely affect animal and human health. Among the toxigenic fungi, species are recognized as so-called field fungi, invading crops and producing mycotoxins predominantly before harvest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe immunosuppressive characteristics of FB by inhibition of maturation and function of BMDCs.
Int Immunopharmacol
June 2017
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address:
Fumonisin B (FB) is one kind of mycotoxins that has the neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity produced by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides, which commonly infects corn and other crops and is harmful to animal and human health upon consumption of FB-contaminated feed or food. However, the mechanism of immunotoxicity, especially the immunosuppression induced by FB is still unclear. The most pivotal cells in the induction of immune responses are dendritic cells (DCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotransformation approaches to alleviate the effects induced by fusarium mycotoxins in swine.
J Agric Food Chem
July 2013
INRA, UMR 1331 ToxAlim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille BP 93173, 31027 Toulouse Cedex 3, Toulouse, France.
Mycotoxin mitigation is of major interest as ingestion of mycotoxins results in poor animal health, decreased productivity, as well as substantial economic losses. A feed additive (FA) consisting of a combination of bacteria (Eubacterium BBSH797) and enzyme (fumonisin esterase FumD) was tested in pigs for its ability to neutralize the effects of mono- and co-contaminated diets with deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins (FB) on hematology, biochemistry, tissue morphology, and immune response. Forty-eight animals, allocated into eight groups, received one of eight diets for 35 days: a control diet, a diet contaminated with either DON (3 mg/kg) or FB (6 mg/kg), or both toxins, and the same four diets with FA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeoxynivalenol as a contaminant of broiler feed: intestinal development, absorptive functionality, and metabolism of the mycotoxin.
Poult Sci
April 2012
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department for Farm Animal and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) has been recently documented to deteriorate intestinal morphology in chickens at dietary doses that are regarded as safe for this species. The present trial was conducted to explore the significance of these morphological changes in relation to intestinal absorptive functionality and DON metabolism. Ross broilers at 7 d of age were fed either a basal diet (0.
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