Aim: To determine the aetiology of isolated intrathoracic lymphadenopathy on chest radiographs of HIV-infected patients.
Patients And Methods: Over a 40 month span in 1990-1993, 18 HIV-infected patients (13 men, 5 women) from our New York City adult HIV outpatient clinic development isolated intrathoracic lymphadenopathy (defined as intrathoracic nodal enlargement without other persistent abnormalities on chest radiographs). Serial chest radiographs (n = 18), CT scans when available (n = 7), and clinical charts (n = 18) were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: Median patient age was 34 (range 25-49) years. The diagnoses associated with adenopathy were Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in eight (44%), Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) in four (22%), and Mtb and MAC co-infection in three (17%). Cryptococcal infection, thymic hyperplasia, and spontaneous resolution without diagnosis or treatment occurred in one patient each. In 16 (89%) of the 18 patients, lymphadenopathy was present in more than one nodal station. Enlarged nodes were found in the following sites: paratracheal/tracheobronchial (n = 14), aortopulmonary window (n = 9), hilar (n = 7), anterior mediastinum (n = 3), subcarinal (n = 2), and left paraesophageal (n = 2).
Conclusion: Mycobacterial infection was the aetiology of isolated intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in 15 of 18 (83%) HIV-infected patients. When an inner city HIV-infected patient presents with isolated intrathoracic lymphadenopathy, we recommend an aggressive work-up for mycobacterial disease.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(96)80113-9 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
First case report of isolated pleural cysticercosis demonstrating pleuroscopic findings.
Respir Med Case Rep
December 2024
Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Pulmonary cysticercosis is a rare manifestation of human cysticercosis, which mostly occurs in developing countries. The disease can affect the lung parenchyma and pleura, resulting in pulmonary nodules, pneumonitis, lung cavities, or pleural effusion. We herein present a case involving a man of advanced age who presented with symptomatic eosinophilic pleural effusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCXR-LLaVA: a multimodal large language model for interpreting chest X-ray images.
Eur Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Objective: This study aimed to develop an open-source multimodal large language model (CXR-LLaVA) for interpreting chest X-ray images (CXRs), leveraging recent advances in large language models (LLMs) to potentially replicate the image interpretation skills of human radiologists.
Materials And Methods: For training, we collected 592,580 publicly available CXRs, of which 374,881 had labels for certain radiographic abnormalities (Dataset 1) and 217,699 provided free-text radiology reports (Dataset 2). After pre-training a vision transformer with Dataset 1, we integrated it with an LLM influenced by the LLaVA network.
No Small Airways Disease Without Air-Trapping: Exercising Restraint in Calling "Peribronchial Cuffing" and "Increased Broncho-Vascular Markings" on Children's Chest Radiographs.
Pediatr Pulmonol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Radiographic findings in dogs from an endemic area for heartworm disease in the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Braz J Vet Med
January 2025
Veterinarian, DSc, DMCV, IV, UFRRJ, Seropédica RJ, Brazil.
Canine heartworm disease causes significant pulmonary abnormalities, even in asymptomatic cases. This study aimed to compare the chest radiographs of cases infected with with those of heartworm-negative dogs. Fifteen animals treated at a private veterinary clinic in the municipality of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, underwent chest radiography, regardless of their serological status, for the presence of antigen, and none of them used preventive measures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of imaging in the diagnosis and management of complicated paediatric pneumonia.
Paediatr Respir Rev
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:
Paediatric pneumonia and its complications present substantial health and economic challenges. While chest radiographs are commonly used as the initial imaging modality for diagnosing uncomplicated pneumonia, they are less effective for complicated cases. In response, various imaging techniques, such as lung ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and chest MRI, have been integrated into clinical practice to enhance diagnosis and guide management decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!