Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus, morologically indistinguishable from its counterpart of the lung is a rare tumour with a frequency between 0.05 to 7.6% of all esophageal malignancies. Currently they are divided into oat cell and non oat cell, regarding the presence of neuroendocrine granules. We report 3 cases from our hospital. They were studied clinicopathologically and also examined by electron microscopy.
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Rev Endocr Metab Disord
January 2025
Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, 1501 N.W. 10th Avenue, Room 908, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH), a hypothalamic peptide initially characterized for its role in GH regulation, has gained increasing attention due to its GH-independent action on peripheral physiology, including that of the cardiovascular system. While its effects on the peripheral vasculature are still under investigation, GHRH and synthetic agonists have exhibited remarkable receptor-mediated cardioprotective properties in preclinical models. GHRH and its analogs enhance myocardial function by improving contractility, reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and offsetting pathological remodeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Biotechnol (Singap)
February 2024
CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
Pichia pastoris is a popular yeast host for high-level heterologous expression of proteins on an industrial scale owing to its reliable expression, robust growth, high fermentation density, and easy genetic manipulation and cultivation at a relatively low cost. Of particular interest is its high secretion efficiency for small proteins including insulin, human serum albumin, vaccines, enzymes, and llama-derived heavy-chain only antibodies (nanobodies) for pharmaceutical and research applications. However, a recurring challenge in using P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Epidemiol Glob Health
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei City, 100225, Taiwan.
Background: Lipids are known to be involved in carcinogenesis, but the associations between lipid profiles and different lung cancer histological classifications remain unknown.
Methods: Individuals who participated in national adult health surveillance from 2012 to 2018 were included. For patients who developed lung cancer during follow-up, a 1:2 control group of nonlung cancer participants was selected after matching.
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, 713-8 Kamiya, Kasugai, 486-0392, Japan.
Background: RAB11 is a small GTP-binding protein that regulates intracellular trafficking of recycling endosomes and is thereby involved in several neural functions. Highly similar RAB11 isoforms are encoded by RAB11A and RAB11B genes, and their pathogenic variants are associated with similar neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting that RAB11A and RAB11B play similar and important roles in brain development. However, the detailed distribution patterns of these isoforms in various organs, including the brain, remain undetermined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochem Res
January 2025
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
In recent decades, researchers and clinicians have increasingly focused on glial cell function. One of the primary mechanisms influencing these functions is through extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound particles released by cells that are essential for intercellular communication. EVs can be broadly categorized into four main types based on their size, origin, and biogenesis: large EVs, small EVs (sEVs), autophagic EVs, and apoptotic bodies.
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