Two cases of unusual complex movements observed in brain dead patients are described. Rapid and sustained flexion of the neck induced slow abduction of the arms with flexion of the elbows, wrists and fingers over 5 to 10 seconds. These movements have been rarely described and although they have similar clinical patterns, they are pathophysiologically different from the Lazarus sign which is observed few minutes after respiratory support cessation. While Lazarus sign is supposed to be due to an agonal discharge of anoxic spinal neurons, the movements described in this article result probably from complex reflexes generated in a disinhibited spinal cord. It is however surprising that they have never been described in patients with high cervical spinal injuries.
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Diagnostics (Basel)
October 2022
Department of Neurology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea.
In patients with brain death, reflex movements originating from spinal reflexes are observed intermittently. Generally, they can occur under hypoxic stimuli such as when the ventilator is removed, under physical stimuli such as bending the neck, or under hypotension. Finger- and toe-jerk responses are commonly observed reflex movements that can occur in patients with brain death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
March 2022
Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.
Objective: This study aims to report the clinical heterogeneity of myoclonus in 6 patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods: Patient data were obtained from medical records from the University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.
COVID-19 has various imaging manifestations, most commonly peripheral ground-glass opacities with a basilar posterior predominance. Less common imaging manifestations include consolidations, findings typical of organizing pneumonia, such as "halo" or a "reverse halo" sign, and vascular enlargement. Our case describes a "target sign" on CT, which is uncommon but is increasingly being recognized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Respir J
August 2020
Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education (PPM), University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Eur Respir J
May 2020
Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education (PPM), University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Background: High exhaled nitric oxide fraction ( ) levels are associated with greater risk of asthma exacerbation. However, it is not clear how can be used to guide safe reductions in inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) doses in asthma patients. This study assesses the ability of to guide ICS reductions.
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