AI Article Synopsis
- T cells require two signals for full activation: one from a foreign antigen presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and another from a costimulatory signal, mainly provided by CD28.
- Blocking costimulatory signals, like CD28, can prevent T cell activation and lead to a specific unresponsiveness to antigens.
- In experimental models for transplantation and autoimmune diseases, inhibiting CD28-mediated costimulation shows promise as a new strategy for clinical trials.
Article Abstract
It is now accepted that T cells need two signals for full activation. The first is the foreign antigen itself presented by self-major histocompatibility complex and thus provides antigen specificity to the immune response. The second is a "costimulatory" signal, the best-characterized of which is provided through the T cell accessory molecule CD28. In vitro, the blockade of costimulatory signals inhibits T cell activation and induces a state of antigen-specific unresponsiveness. In vivo, agents that block CD28-mediated costimulation have proved extremely effective in inhibiting the immune response in experimental models of transplantation and autoimmune disease, providing novel strategies for use in clinical trials in the near future.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/ASN.V641143 | DOI Listing |
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