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Human TSC2 mutant cells exhibit aberrations in early neurodevelopment accompanied by changes in the DNA Methylome.
Hum Mol Genet
January 2025
Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, United States of America.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a debilitating developmental disorder characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations. While benign tumors in the heart, lungs, kidney, and brain are all hallmarks of the disease, the most severe symptoms of TSC are often neurological, including seizures, autism, psychiatric disorders, and intellectual disabilities. TSC is caused by loss of function mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes and consequent dysregulation of signaling via mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulatory role of circular RNAs in the development of therapeutic resistance in the glioma: A double-edged sword.
Iran J Basic Med Sci
January 2025
Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Gliomas are the most common lethal tumors of the brain associated with a poor prognosis and increased resistance to chemo-radiotherapy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), newly identified noncoding RNAs, have appeared as critical regulators of therapeutic resistance among multiple cancers and gliomas. Since circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in glioma and may act as promoters or inhibitors of therapeutic resistance, we categorized alterations of these specific RNAs expression in therapy resistant-glioma in three different classes, including chemoresistance, radioresistance, and glioma stem cell (GSC)-regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIDH-mutant gliomas in children and adolescents - from biology to clinical trials.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology/Hematology, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
Gliomas account for nearly 30% of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors in children and adolescents and young adults (AYA), contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. The updated molecular classification of gliomas defines molecularly diverse subtypes with a spectrum of tumors associated with age-distinct incidence. In adults, gliomas are characterized by the presence or absence of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (), with mutated (mIDH) gliomas providing favorable outcomes and avenues for targeted therapy with the emergence of mIDH inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegenerating Locus Coeruleus-Norepinephrine (LC-NE) Function: A Novel Approach for Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Cell Prolif
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Pathological changes in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) neurons, the major source of norepinephrine (NE, also known as noradrenaline) in the brain, are evident during the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Research on both human and animal models have highlighted the therapeutic potential of targeting the LC-NE system to mitigate the progression of ND and alleviate associated psychiatric symptoms. However, the early and widespread degeneration of the LC-NE system presents a significant challenge for direct intervention in ND.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentral Nervous System Response Against Ionizing Radiation Exposure: Cellular, Biochemical, and Molecular Perspectives.
Mol Neurobiol
January 2025
Radiation Biotechnology Department, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
Gamma radiation is known to induce several detrimental effects on the nervous system. The hippocampus region, specifically the dentate gyrus (DG) and subventricular zone (SVZ), have been identified as a radiation-sensitive neurogenic niche. Radiation alters the endogenous redox status of neural stem cells (NSCs) and other proliferative cells, especially in the hippocampus region, leading to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cell death.
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