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Current methods for detecting and assessing HIV-1 antibody resistance.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Antiretroviral therapy is the standard treatment for HIV, but it requires daily use and can cause side effects. Despite being available for decades, there are still 1.5 million new infections and 700,000 deaths each year, highlighting the need for better therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative association of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and clinically confirmed cases in different areas of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Village.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
International mass gathering events, such as the Olympic and Paralympic Games, face the risk of cross-border transmission of infectious diseases. We previously reported that wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), which has attracted attention as a COVID-19 surveillance tool, was implemented in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Village to gain a comprehensive understanding of COVID-19 incidence in the village. In the present study, we explored the quantitative association of wastewater viral load and clinically confirmed cases in various areas of the village.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimultaneous measurement of labile U(VI) concentration and (U/U) activity ratio using a Monophos®-based Diffusive Gradients in thin-films sampler.
Anal Chim Acta
November 2024
Departament de Química, Física i Ciències Ambientals i del Sòl, Universitat de Lleida and AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
Background: In a context of environmental monitoring around installations related to the nuclear fuel cycle, the Diffusive Gradient in Thin-films (DGT) technique captures the integrated concentration of U isotopes in their native environment, yielding comprehensive data on U origin (anthropogenic vs natural), total concentration, and mobility. However, for common deployment times (4-5 days) in moderately basic waters, none of the commercially available binding gels is adapted to measure the total U concentration. So, the development of novel DGT binding gels is timely.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA preliminary study of gene expression changes in Koalas Infected with Koala Retrovirus (KoRV) and identification of potential biomarkers for KoRV pathogenesis.
BMC Vet Res
October 2024
Transboundary Animal Diseases Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
Background: Koala retrovirus (KoRV), a major pathogen of koalas, exists in both endogenous (KoRV-A) and exogenous forms (KoRV-A to I and K to M) and causes multiple disease phenotypes, including carcinomas and immunosuppression. However, the direct association between the different KoRV subtypes and carcinogenesis remains unknown. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of koalas carrying both endogenous (KoRV-A) and exogenous (KoRV-A, B, and C) subtypes was performed using a high-throughput RNA-seq approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntra- and inter-subtype HIV diversity between 1994 and 2018 in southern Uganda: a longitudinal population-based study.
Virus Evol
August 2024
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
There is limited data on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) evolutionary trends in African populations. We evaluated changes in HIV viral diversity and genetic divergence in southern Uganda over a 24-year period spanning the introduction and scale-up of HIV prevention and treatment programs using HIV sequence and survey data from the Rakai Community Cohort Study, an open longitudinal population-based HIV surveillance cohort. (p24) and (gp41) HIV data were generated from people living with HIV (PLHIV) in 31 inland semi-urban trading and agrarian communities (1994-2018) and four hyperendemic Lake Victoria fishing communities (2011-2018) under continuous surveillance.
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