The authors present two cases of clinical brain death that failed to meet the criteria for whole brain death using Tc-99m HMPAO. Conventional anterior cerebral flow studies demonstrated no intracerebral perfusion. Anterior static images also failed to show cerebral activity. However, the lateral images clearly demonstrate cerebellar activity. These cases demonstrate the importance of Tc-99m HMPAO as the agent of choice in evaluating brain death and the necessity of lateral views to meet the criteria for whole brain death. Cerebellar perfusion challenges the present criteria for whole brain death. New criteria must re-evaluate the present technology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199511000-00003 | DOI Listing |
Clin Transl Radiat Oncol
March 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Stephanstraße 9a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Purpose: Therapeutic options for patients with brain metastases (BM) increase. While these lead to considerable survival effects in subgroups, there is limited knowledge about characteristics, prognosticators and treatment effects in patients with BM and short survival.
Methods: Patients with a survival time of ≤ 6 months (short-term survivors, STS), diagnosed with BM between 2009-2021 at a large tertiary cancer center were analysed.
Acta Naturae
January 2024
Research Center of neurology, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125367 Russian Federation.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by motor neuron damage leading to death from respiratory failure. The neurodegenerative process in ALS is characterized by an accumulation of aberrant proteins (TDP-43, SOD1, etc.) in CNS cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Biochem
November 2024
People's Hospital of Xuyi County, Department of Pathology, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, China.
Background: Serum neuritin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) have predictive value for the prognosis of patients with combined traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI). Studying their predictive effects has positive value for disease control and treatment.
Methods: Sixty patients with combined TBI and SCI were recruited and rolled into three groups according to prognosis: Group I (n=42, favourable prognosis), Group II (n=11, poor prognosis), and Group III (n=7, death).
Front Cell Neurosci
January 2025
Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
Protein lactylation is a new form of post-translational modification that has recently been proposed. Lactoyl groups, derived mainly from the glycolytic product lactate, have been linked to protein lactylation in brain tissue, which has been shown to correlate with increased neuronal excitability. Ischemic stroke may promote neuronal glycolysis, leading to lactate accumulation in brain tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
January 2025
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Introduction: Iron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis) is a proposed mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. While iron is essential for basic biological functions, its reactivity generates oxidants which contribute to cell damage and death.
Methods: To further resolve mechanisms of iron-mediated toxicity in AD, we analyzed post mortem human brain and ApoEFAD mice.
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