Objective: To evaluate the clinical presentation of arterial hypertension induced by pregnancy and pre-eclampsia (AHPP) in patients exposed to prenatal biopsychosocial risk (PBPSR).
Design: A prospective double-blind study.
Setting: Primary Care. Four Health centres in Mendoza (Argentina), Cali and Popayán (Colombia) and Tegucicalpa (Honduras).
Patients: 1,076 pregnant women who were monitored from week 14 to 28 of pregnancy without there having been clinical evidence of pathology at the start.
Measurements And Main Results: 97 (9.9%) of the 1,076 pregnant women interviewed were withdrawn from the study because their records were incomplete or they had received therapy for psychosocial risk. Average age of the 979 pregnant women studied was 26.2 +/- 5.8. 339 (34.6%) were first carriers, 439 (44.9%) had a low social-economic level, 268 (27.3%) were exposed to high biopsychosocial risk and 69 (6.4%) developed AHPP. An evaluation of the patients with this condition found that 52 of these (75.3%) were exposed to high PBPSR [RR = 8.5, C.I. 95%, 4.5-15.9, p < 0.001], 22 (42.3%) displayed anxiety and/or poor family support during their pregnancy; and 30 (57.7%) were exposed only to biomedical risk factors [RR = 3.07, C.I. 95%, 1.96-4.82, p < 0.001].
Conclusions: Whenever, as part of the evaluation of prenatal risk, the biopsychosocial risk is evaluated, the possibility of identifying pregnant patients who will develop AHPP doubles.
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