In the last five years, several measurements of 22Na+ influx (Ji) and outflux (Jo) across symmetrical parts of the isolated skin of Rana esculenta, under permanent short circuitation, were performed in our Institute. The mean value of the 22Na+ net fluxes (Ji-Jo) exceeded the mean value of the short circuit current measurements (1.14 +/- 0.04 versus 0.98 +/- 0.02 microE.cm-2.h-1, 253 experiments). Since this discrepancy could be due to a concomitant Cl- net absorption, 36Cl- unidirectional fluxes were detected under similar experimental conditions. The Cl- net flux mean value was 0.11 +/- 0.02 microE.cm-2.h-1 (316 experiments) which accounts for 70% of the discrepancy between the Na+ net flux and short circuit current. This Cl- net absorption occurred in the absence of electrochemical gradients and was very likely maintained by a Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransport located at the outermost membrane of the epithelium. In fact bumetanide challenge (10(-5) M in the external fluid) strongly inhibited 36Cl- influx and 22Na+ influx across this tissue and cleared off the discrepancy between short circuit current and sodium net flux.
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