Epidemiological significance of clothes and head louse is determined first of all by the type of "parasite-host" connection. Clothes louse has an immediate contact with man only during bloodsucking, it dwells in clothes, consumes big portions of blood and has great productivity. Temperature factor is very important for Pediculus corporis. If the man's temperature is growing the louse will abandon him. The comparison of various literature data and proper author's information has shown that Pediculus capitis didn't play a significant role in epidemic typhoid malady taking into account the modern level of the affection of population with head lice. The author describes the peculiarities of morphology, biology, population dynamics, parasitology and epidemiology of P. capitis and P. corporis.
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