Hepatocytes isolated from fetal quail livers (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were cultured in vitro. Their capacity to metabolize drugs and xenobiotics was explored with typical cytochrome P450 substrates: ethoxycoumarin (known to be metabolized by several P450s), ethoxyresorufin (essentially dealkylated by P450IA1), and testosterone (specifically hydroxylated at several positions by several P450s). The cells could be kept metabolically active in culture for at least 4 days. Their drug-metabolizing activities were inducible by the usual P450 inducers, like phenobarbital and benzanthracene, but also by Aroclor 1254, a PCB mixture. The results obtained indicate that this experimental model could certainly be very helpful in ecotoxicological studies.
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