A lipopolysaccharide preparation obtained from Klebsiella pneumonia was shown to affect primarily the peritoneal macrophages after intraperitoneal administration. Transition of the macrophages to a new metabolic state in response to opsonized zymosan was responsible for a distinct increase in the rate of luminol-dependent chemoluminescence. At the same time, the macrophages produced chemiluminescence was only slightly increased in the presence of Ca2+ ionophore A23187. These dissimilar alterations observed suggest that the primary reaction of macrophages in response to the lipopolysaccharide occurred with the increase in content of intracellular free calcium. Administration of finoptin (calcium influx inhibitor) into suspension of macrophages caused a decrease in the rate of chemiluminescence response.

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