The review deals with a complex of problems concerned with interneuronal relationship formation in the central nervous system. Hypothesis of neuronal selection, role of trophic factors in formation and maintenance of interneuronal connections, mechanism of their synaptic stabilization are analyzed. It is noted then signals ingoing from afferent inputs in the process of development modulate the activity of neurones and thus interact with the mechanisms of nervous system self-organization. On the basis of current knowledge about causes of the stabilization of neuronal interconnections structure, as well as original investigations, a hypothesis on mechanism of local neuronal systems selection depending on the stability of their impulse outflow is proposed.
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