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The Perils of Pregnancy: A Case Report of Subglottic Stenosis.
Cureus
December 2024
Emergency Department, Bayhealth Hospital, Dover, USA.
Subglottic stenosis (SGS) presents a rare, yet challenging condition characterized by airway obstruction below the glottis, with diverse etiologies ranging from congenital to acquired factors like intubation or autoimmune diseases. Diagnosis and management of SGS during pregnancy are particularly complex due to limited literature and diagnostic consensus. This article presents a case of a 26-year-old pregnant woman presenting with escalating dyspnea and stridor attributed to SGS, most likely secondary to idiopathic etiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProlapsed Umbilical Meckel's Diverticulum Mimicking Umbilical Granuloma: A Rare Differential of a Common Problem.
Cureus
December 2024
Pediatric Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK.
Umbilical lesions in children represent a wide spectrum of congenital or acquired anomalies. Congenital anomalies are mainly because of failed obliteration of the omphalomesenteric duct while acquired pathologies are either because of delayed umbilical cord separation causing umbilical granuloma or result from umbilical stump infection producing omphalitis with persistent discharge. Meckel's diverticulum is considered the most common gastrointestinal congenital anomaly resulting from obliteration failure of the omphalomesenteric duct while umbilical granuloma is a common acquired umbilical lesion seen in daily practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeonatal and Pediatric Pulmonary Vascular Disease.
Radiol Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Pediatric patients are affected by a wide variety of pulmonary vascular diseases ranging from congenital anomalies diagnosed at birth to acquired diseases that present later in childhood and into adolescence. While some pulmonary vascular diseases present similarly to those seen in adults, other forms are unique to children. Knowledge of the characteristic imaging features of these diseases is essential to facilitate prompt diagnosis and guide clinical management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectroencephalographic Features of Presumed Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Pediatric Dog with a Portosystemic Shunt-A Case Report.
Life (Basel)
January 2025
Neurology Service, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iași University of Life Sciences, 700489 Iași, Romania.
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in dogs is a metabolic disorder of the central nervous system that occurs secondarily to liver dysfunctions, whether due to acquired or congenital causes. A portosystemic shunt is the presence of abnormal communications between the hepatic vessels (portal and suprahepatic veins). As a result of this, the blood brought from the digestive tract through the portal vein bypasses the liver, and the unmetabolized components of the portal bloodstream enter directly into systemic circulation, causing clinical symptoms of metabolic encephalopathy (HE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Intelligence in Fetal and Pediatric Echocardiography.
Children (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Echocardiography is the main modality in diagnosing acquired and congenital heart disease (CHD) in fetal and pediatric patients. However, operator variability, complex image interpretation, and lack of experienced sonographers and cardiologists in certain regions are the main limitations existing in fetal and pediatric echocardiography. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), offer significant potential to overcome these challenges by automating image acquisition, image segmentation, CHD detection, and measurements.
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