A brief historical review of development of the evolutionary physiology as an independent discipline. Description of the problems and methodology of the evolutionary physiology in the historical perspective. Interrelation of the evolutionary physiology and the related physiological and biological disciplines, specific features of the evolutionary physiology as an independent research discipline. The proceedings of 10 workshops on the evolutionary physiology, and the national and international bibliographic publications on evolution of the organic world are used to demonstrate the structure and the changes in time of the thematic spectrum explored by the evolutionary physiology.
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