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Introduction: Pedicle screw placement plays a crucial role in treating various cases such as fractures, scoliosis, degenerative spine issues, and kyphosis, reinforcing all three spinal columns simultaneously. While three-dimensional navigation-assisted pedicle screw placement is considered superior, the freehand technique relies on anatomical landmarks and tactile feedback, with observed low complication rates.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective single-center study conducted over a period of 3 years.

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Introduction: Numerous reflexive responses have been documented as alterations to the Babinski sign within upper motor neuron lesions. However, scant attention has been given to reflexes beyond these, which exhibit independence from the extensor plantar response. These reflexes predominantly form polysynaptic arcs, with nociceptive stimuli acting as afferents.

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A case of a 20-year-old man with multilevel non-contiguous tuberculous spondylitis (cervical, dorsal 6, dorsal 10 and lumbar) is presented. In the context of disseminated tuberculosis in an HIV-negative patient with serious compromise of his general condition and multiple locations of the disease, some of these with fistulas that secreted caseum. The acute paraplegia led, considering the sensory level at dorsal 6, to a first urgent decompression surgery via the posterior approach.

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Tuberculosis is an endemic disease in India for decades, and its coexistence in the patients with malignancy cannot be ignored. The non-specific uptake of 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose in active infection and malignancy can affect the diagnosis and management of patients. However, characteristic anatomical features of the lesion aid not only in its localization but also in diagnosis.

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Evidence of Cushing's syndrome in a pre-Columbian Mexican statue?

Ann Endocrinol (Paris)

December 2022

Laboratoire anthropologie, archéologie, biologie (LAAB), université Paris-Saclay (UVSQ), UFR des sciences de la santé, 2, avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; Direction département de la recherche et de l'enseignement, musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac, 222, rue de l'Université, 75007 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: In the absence of skeletons or written narrations, information about diseases in past societies may be acquired from icono-diagnosis. From the observation of a masterpiece presenting pathological features, we tried to make retrospective diagnosis.

Material And Method: A pre-Columbian Mexican statuette originating from the Chupicuaro culture and dated 600 BC to 200 AD - conserved in the Louvre Museum in Paris (Section of the quai Branly - Jacques Chirac museum) was examined; it was found to display a huge spinal curvature with excessive dorsal kyphosis and obesity.

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