An infant with the characteristic phenotype of classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata was found to have an isolated deficiency of the peroxisomal enzyme acyl CoA dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase (DHAP-AT). All other peroxisomal functions measured were found to be normal. Previously described in one other case report, this confirms the existence of another distinct form of peroxisomal disorder characterised biochemically by a deficiency in de novo plasmalogen biosynthesis only.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.68.3.415 | DOI Listing |
Mol Syndromol
October 2024
Department of Medical Genetics, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey.
Adv Exp Med Biol
June 2024
Institute of Medical Genetics, University Medicine Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Biomolecules
February 2024
Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase, HMGCR) is one of the rate-limiting enzymes in the mevalonate pathway required for cholesterol biosynthesis. It is an integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but has occasionally been described in peroxisomes. By co-immunofluorescence microscopy using different HMGCR antibodies, we present evidence for a dual localization of HMGCR in the ER and peroxisomes in differentiated human monocytic THP-1 cells, primary human monocyte-derived macrophages and human primary skin fibroblasts under conditions of low cholesterol and statin treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Inherit Metab Dis
November 2023
Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Measurement of plasmalogens is useful for the biochemical diagnosis of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) and is also informative for Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSD). We have developed a test method for the simultaneous quantitation of C16:0, C18:0, and C018:1 plasmalogen (PG) species and their corresponding fatty acids (FAs) in dried blood spots (DBS) and erythrocytes (RBC) by using capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Normal reference ranges for measured markers and 10 calculated ratios were established by the analysis of 720 and 473 unaffected DBS and RBC samples, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) is a rare disorder (~1 in 100,000 live births) of faulty plasmalogen biosynthesis and defective peroxisomal metabolism. RCDP type 2 is specifically caused by glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase () gene mutations and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The disorder is characterized by skeletal abnormalities, distinctive facial features, intellectual disability, and respiratory distress.
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