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A 3D Model of the Human Lung Airway for Evaluating Permeability of Inhaled Drugs.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci
January 2025
Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States.
Current in vitro cell-based methods, relying on single cell types, have structural and functional limitations in determining lung drug permeability, which is a contributing factor affecting both local and systemic drug levels. To address this issue, we investigated a 3D human lung airway model generated using a cell culture insert, wherein primary human lung epithelial and endothelial cells were cocultured at an air-liquid interface (ALI). To ensure that the cell culture mimics the physiological and functional characteristics of airway tissue, the model was characterized by evaluating several parameters such as cellular confluency, ciliation, tight junctions, mucus-layer formation, transepithelial electrical resistance, and barrier function through assaying fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBronchoscopic lung lavage and exogenous surfactant successfully reverse respiratory failure after severe chlorine exposure: A pediatric case report.
Clin Case Rep
January 2025
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy.
Key Clinical Message: Although the symptoms of accidental chlorine inhalation are typically mild, severe exposure can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We present a case of pediatric ARDS due to chlorine exposure in which lung lavage and exogenous surfactant were successful in avoiding more invasive and costly treatments.
Abstract: Chlorine inhalation as a result of swimming pool chlorination accidents is relatively common.
Raman spectroscopic fingerprinting for the identification and quantitative analysis of sports doping β - agonists based on gold nanopolyhedra.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
January 2025
School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039 PR China. Electronic address:
Beta - stimulant, that is, β - adrenergic stimulant, also known as β - agonists, is bioactive catecholamine compounds naturally produced in animals' adrenal medulla glands that induce relaxation in asthmatic airway smooth muscles upon inhalation while also temporarily boosting athletic alertness and alleviating fatigue. However, their potential for dependency poses health risks including unnoticed exacerbation leading to severe illness or fatality prompting their inclusion on WADA's prohibited substances list. Surface - enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers a rapid, sensitive, and label - free means for identifying characteristic peaks associated with β - agonist compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHome high-flow therapy during recovery from severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation: a mixed-methods feasibility randomised control trial.
BMJ Open Respir Res
January 2025
Lane Fox Clinical Respiratory Physiology Research Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Introduction: Patients recovering from severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) have a 30-day readmission rate of 20%. This study evaluated the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial to evaluate clinical, patient-reported and physiological effects of home high-flow therapy (HFT) in addition to usual medical therapy, in eucapnic patients recovering from AECOPD to support the design of a phase 3 trial.
Methods: A mixed-methods feasibility randomised controlled trial (quantitative primacy, concurrently embedded qualitative evaluation) (ISRCTN15949009) recruiting consecutive non-obese patients hospitalised with AECOPD not requiring acute non-invasive ventilation.
Pharmacological Interventions for the Acute Treatment of Hyperkalaemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Resuscitation
January 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address:
Background: Hyperkalaemia is a life-threatening electrolyte disturbance and also a potential cause of cardiac arrest. The objective was to assess the effects of acute pharmacological interventions for the treatment of hyperkalaemia in patients with and without cardiac arrest.
Methods: The review was reported according to PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023440553).
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