Most personal computers contain 8-bit graphic display hardware, whereas most medical gray scale images are stored at 16-bit per pixel integers. To display medical gray scale images on such computers, the 16-bit image data must be remapped into 8-bit gray scale images. This report presents the algorithms and computer code that allow very rapid 16-bit to 8-bit image data transformation. These algorithms are helpful in allowing personal computers with at least the performance of a Macintosh II (Apple Computer, Cupertino, CA) computer to function as low-end picture archiving communication systems or personal workstations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03168414 | DOI Listing |
J Infect Dis
January 2025
School of Public Health, Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Between 2016 and 2023, 3248 cases of circulating vaccine-derived type 2 poliomyelitis (cVDPV2) were reported globally and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with monovalent type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV2) and novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) targeted an estimated 356 and 525 million children, respectively. This analysis estimates the community-level impact of nOPV2 relative to mOPV2 SIAs.
Methods: We fitted interrupted time-series regressions to surveillance data between January 2016 and November 2023 to estimate the impact of nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIAs on cVDPV2 poliomyelitis incidence and prevalence in environmental surveillance across 37 countries, directly comparing the impact of SIAs in 13 countries where both vaccines were used.
J Dent Sci
January 2025
Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.
Background/purpose: In this study, we utilized magnetic resonance imaging data of the temporomandibular joint, collected from the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Our research focuses on the classification and severity analysis of temporomandibular joint disease using convolutional neural networks.
Materials And Methods: In gray-scale image series, the most critical features often lie within the articular disc cartilage, situated at the junction of the temporal bone and the condyles.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Objectives: This study compares perioperative outcomes between spring-assisted cranioplasty (SAC), distraction osteogenesis (DO) and conventional expansion in craniosynostosis surgery.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Setting: Retrospective and prospective cohort.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Modernizing power systems into smart grids has introduced numerous benefits, including enhanced efficiency, reliability, and integration of renewable energy sources. However, this advancement has also increased vulnerability to cyber threats, particularly False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs). Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short in identifying sophisticated FDIAs due to their reliance on predefined rules and signatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ultrasound Med
January 2025
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
Objectives: To determine the efficacy of quantitative shear wave elastography in differentiating benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes (ALN).
Methods: Exactly 127 lymph nodes from 127 patients with clinically palpable axillary swelling were examined by both B-mode sonography and elastography from November 2022 to March 2024. Gray-scale sonograms were evaluated based on: the short-axis diameter, shape, hilum, maximum cortical thickness, and border of the ALN.
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