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Serum amyloid A contributes to radiation-induced lung injury by activating macrophages through FPR2/Rac1/NF-κB pathway.
Int J Biol Sci
September 2024
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Article Synopsis
- Patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy can experience lung damage, but the mechanisms behind this injury are not well understood, leading to limited treatment options.
- This study used a mouse model to demonstrate that thoracic irradiation causes tissue damage and an increase in inflammatory markers, particularly serum amyloid A (SAA), which activates macrophages and promotes lung tissue fibrosis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
- The research revealed that inhibiting specific pathways (FPR2/Rac1/NF-κB) can reduce lung fibrosis, and cimetidine could lower SAA levels and alleviate lung injuries, suggesting potential new strategies for managing radiation-related lung damage.
Pharmacological interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units: a network meta-analysis.
BMJ Evid Based Med
January 2025
Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).
Design And Setting: Systematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis using standard methodological procedures as recommended by Cochrane for screening of records, data extraction and analysis. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence.
Poisoning cases and their management in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia: Hospital-based prospective study.
PLoS One
May 2024
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Article Synopsis
- Poisoning is a major public health concern in Ethiopia, with a study showing that out of 442 cases, 78 (17.6%) resulted in death, predominantly from intentional self-poisoning.
- The most common poisons were organophosphate compounds and aluminum phosphide, most often sourced from patients' homes or local shops.
- Key factors influencing poor treatment outcomes included altered consciousness upon hospital arrival, poisoning from metal phosphides, and lack of laboratory investigations.
Evaluation of Gastroprotective Activity of the Methanolic Extract of Jacq. (Acanthaceae).
Nutrients
May 2024
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Evangelical University of Goiás-Unievangélica, University Avenue Km 3,5, Anápolis 75083-515, GO, Brazil.
Introduction: Jacq. is traditionally applied in folk medicine in Brazil and in several Latin American countries. The leaves are used in tea form, especially in the treatment of respiratory disorders, acting as an expectorant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSusceptibility of mouse cochlear hair cells to cisplatin ototoxicity largely depends on sensory mechanoelectrical transduction channels both Ex Vivo and In Vivo.
Hear Res
June 2024
Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Cisplatin, a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug for various human cancers, induces irreversible sensorineural hearing loss as a side effect. Currently there are no highly effective clinical strategies for the prevention of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Previous studies have indicated that short-term cisplatin ototoxicity primarily affects the outer hair cells of the cochlea.
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