The perioperative morbidity of scheduled cesarean hysterectomy.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of patients undergoing scheduled cesarean hysterectomy with those of women treated with cesarean delivery and subsequent hysterectomy.

Methods: Through a retrospective review of 43 patients, we investigated the morbidity associated with scheduled cesarean hysterectomy and compared these findings with the combined morbidity of scheduled cesarean delivery and subsequent abdominal hysterectomy in a control population. Controls were included only if the subsequent hysterectomy was performed within 3 years of the index cesarean delivery. Each study subject was assigned two controls matched for age, parity, number of previous cesarean deliveries, and indications for procedures. The incidence of the following major morbidity events was compared between the groups: transfusion, urinary tract injury, fistula formation, cellulitis or endometritis, postoperative abscess or hematoma formation, ileus, pneumonia, and wound complications requiring prolonged therapy (seroma, hematoma, infection).

Results: The number of women receiving transfusions after scheduled cesarean hysterectomy was greater than among controls (39.5 versus 15.1%; P < .05). The proportion of patients with major morbidity, exclusive of transfusion, was significantly greater in the control population (44%) than in women with scheduled cesarean hysterectomy (16%) (P < .05). The cumulative number of women with a major complication, such as transfusion or a morbid event, was 22 of 43 in the study group versus 44 of 86 in the control population, a nonsignificant difference.

Conclusion: We found no significant difference in the cumulative perioperative complication rates in women undergoing scheduled cesarean hysterectomy compared with a population of similar patients treated with cesarean delivery and subsequent abdominal hysterectomy.