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Theoretical Studies on the Reaction Mechanism of Schiff Base Formation from Hexoses.
J Phys Chem B
May 2024
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, 16-48 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 244-0806, Japan.
The Maillard reaction is one of the nonenzymatic post-translational modifications of proteins. Products of this reaction are considered to be related to aging diseases and the sensation of taste. In the initial stage of the Maillard reaction, Schiff base formation first occurs by the nucleophilic attack of amine nitrogen in proteins, and then, the reaction proceeds through the formation of 1,2-eminal and Amadori compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenotypic variants of the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis genes in patients with hyperphenylalaninemia from different regions of Iran.
Mol Genet Genomic Med
January 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) is a metabolic disorder classified into phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase (PAH) and non-PAH deficiency. The latter is produced by mutations in genes involved in the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis pathway and DNAJC12 pathogenetic variants. The BH4 metabolism, including de novo biosynthesis involved genes (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of Divergent Metabolic Pathways in Elucidating an Unexpected, Slow-Forming, and Long Half-Life Major Metabolite of Iclepertin.
Pharm Res
August 2023
Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, CT, 06877, USA.
Purpose: After single oral dosing of the glycine reuptake transporter (GlyT1) inhibitor, iclepertin (BI 425809), a single major circulating metabolite, M530a, was identified. However, upon multiple dosing, a second major metabolite, M232, was observed with exposure levels ~ twofold higher than M530a. Studies were conducted to characterize the metabolic pathways and enzymes responsible for formation of both major human metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential novel proteomic biomarkers for diagnosis of vertebral osteomyelitis identified using an immunomics protein array technique: Two cases reports.
Medicine (Baltimore)
October 2020
Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University.
Rationale: Although vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is commonly associated with high morbidity and high recurrence rate, effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of VO are still lacking.
Patients Concerns: Case 1: a 60-year-old male had had upper back pain for 3 days. Case 2: a 71-year-old female presented upper back pain for 2 days.
New mechanistic pathways for the formation of organosulfates catalyzed by ammonia and carbinolamine formation catalyzed by sulfuric acid in the atmosphere.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
April 2020
School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
In the secondary organic aerosol formation, exploring the formation of nucleation precursors is of paramount importance for understanding the secondary organic aerosol formation. Here, we report new mechanistic pathways for the formation of organosulfates and carbinolamine in the atmospheric gas phase by utilizing a high-level W2X//QCISD/cc-pV(T+d)Z method close to CCSD(T)/CBS accuracy, dual level kinetics strategy by combining multistructural variational the transition state theory, containing small-curvature tunneling at the M08-SO/maug-cc-pVTZ level with the conventional transition state theory at the W2X//QCISD/cc-pV(T+d)Z level, and torsional anharmonicity. However, a previously suggested mechanism indicated that these are only formed in the heterogeneous atmospheric chemical processes.
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