We have investigated whether complex formation between the p21ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and the phosphotyrosine-containing proteins p62 and p190 is dependent on functional p21ras, to test the hypothesis that binding of p21rasGTP to GAP enables GAP to associate with these phosphoproteins. The formation of p21rasGTP was inhibited by a dominant interfering mutant of p21ras, p21ras(Asn-17), which was introduced with a vaccinia virus expression system. We used NIH3T3 cells in which complex formation between GAP and tyrosine-phosphorylated p62 and p190 can be induced either by v-src transformation, by incubating the cells with the phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate or by activation of a growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. In all cases, expression of p21ras(Asn-17) did not affect the presence or the formation of the GAP-phosphoprotein complexes. To monitor the effectiveness of p21ras inhibition, we measured p21ras-mediated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). In all cases, expression of p21ras(Asn-17) completely blocked signalling to ERK2. From these data we conclude that p21rasGTP formation is not essential for complex formation between GAP and tyrosine-phosphorylated p62 and p190, and thus complex formation does not depend on interaction of GAP with p21rasGTP.
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Development
January 2025
School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
The elongation of tissues and organs is important for proper morphogenesis in animal development. In Drosophila ovaries, the elongation of egg chambers involves aligned Collagen IV fiber-like structures, a gradient of extracellular matrix stiffness and actin-based protrusion-driven collective cell migration, leading to the rotation of the egg chamber. Egg chamber elongation and rotation depend on the atypical cadherin Fat2.
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January 2025
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
Gold (or electrum) in hydrothermal fluid precipitates directly from gold sulfide complex and/or partly via suspended nanoparticles. The hydrothermal fluid contains "invisible gold" that is atomically dispersed in sulfide minerals or as nanoparticles with a size of less than 10 nm. However, the contribution of these gold nanoparticles to the formation of native gold and its alloy with silver (electrum) remains unclear.
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January 2025
Department of Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China.
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and incurable autoimmune disease, so several drug remission for SLE symptoms have been developed and used at present. However, treatment varies by patient and disease activity, and existing medications for SLE were far from satisfactory. Novel drug targets to be found for SLE therapy are still needed.
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January 2025
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States of America.
Motor neuron diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and progressive bulbar palsy, involve loss of muscle control resulting from death of motor neurons. Although the exact pathogenesis of these syndromes remains elusive, many are caused by genetically inherited mutations. Thus, it is valuable to identify additional genes that can impact motor neuron survival and function.
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January 2025
Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
SPT5 exhibits versatile functions in RNA Pol II promoter proximal pausing, pause release, and elongation in metazoans. However, the mechanism underlying the functional switch of SPT5 during early elongation has not been fully understood. Here, we report that the phosphorylation site-rich domain (PRD)/CTR1 and the prion-like domain (PLD)/CTR2, which are situated adjacent to each other within the C-terminal repeat (CTR) in SPT5, play pivotal roles in Pol II pausing and elongation, respectively.
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