[Detection of subjects at risk of type 1 diabetes. GOFEDI. Groupe Ouest-France pour l'Etude du Diabète Insulino-dépendant].

The so-called type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes is an autoimmune disease occurring in genetically predisposed subjects. The clinical onset of the disease is preceded by a subclinical period during which insulin-producing cells are progressively destroyed by immunological effectors. This prediabetic phase can be detected by the presence of autoantibodies directed against islet cells and sometimes associated with anti-insulin antibodies in children, and later on by the disappearance of the early insulin secretion peak in response to intravenous glucose. It is at this prediabetic phase that immunomodulators specific to the antipancreas process and devoid of side-effects will be used, when available, and that an early insulin therapy will be instituted.