The development of Leishmania major Yakimoff & Schokhor in the New World sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) was examined by light and electron microscopy. In this unnatural host, parasites differentiated into 10 typical morphological forms, multiplied at three sites, migrated anteriorly and established in the foregut, and attached to gut surfaces. In the blood meal, amastigotes divided and transformed into two successive dividing, stumpy promastigote stages. Elongate nectomonad promastigotes developed from stumpy forms and subsequently rounded up in some flies into paramastigotes and opisthomastigotes. Differentiation into round opisthomastigotes and the apparent fusion of paramastigotes in the blood meal were novel observations in this study. Three nectomonad promastigotes--elongate, short, and metacyclic--were free-swimming in the midgut lumen. Elongate nectomonad promastigotes were highly oriented in the midgut, with their flagella embedded between the epithelial microvilli. Short haptomonad promastigotes were the predominant form attached to the intima of the stomodeal valve, whereas pear-shaped haptomonad promastigotes and paramastigotes colonized surfaces of the esophagus and pharynx. Peripylarian attachment of promastigotes and paramastigotes in the pylorus, ileum, and colon was noted in 21% of flies, suggesting that suprapylarian leishmanias have not lost the ability to colonize the hindgut. L. longipalpis was a successful biological host for L. major, allowing complete development of the parasite.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/30.4.699 | DOI Listing |
In Silico Pharmacol
December 2024
Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India.
Visceral Leishmaniasis, caused by is the second most deadly parasitic disease, causing over 65,000 deaths annually. Synthetic drugs available in the market, to combat this disease, have numerous side effects. In this backdrop, we aim to find safer antileishmanial alternatives with minimal side effects from mushrooms, which harbour various secondary metabolites with promising efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniases (CL), highly endemic in Africa and Mediterranean region, are caused by different Leishmania parasite species. Accurate species identification is crucial for effective diagnosis, treatment, and control of these diseases, but traditionally relies on DNA-based methods. High Resolution Melting analysis PCR (HRM PCR) provides rapid results and precise differentiation based on nucleotide variations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement Travail), UMR S 1085, Rennes, France.
Background: Leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania protozoan parasites transmitted by Phlebotomine sand flies, is a significant public health concern in the Mediterranean basin. Effective monitoring of Leishmania-infected sand flies requires standardized tools for comparing their distribution and infection prevalence. Consistent quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) parameters and efficient DNA extraction protocols are crucial for reliable results over time and across regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3 Biotech
January 2025
Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Soban Singh Jeena University, Campus Almora, Almora, Uttarakhand India.
Unlabelled: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by , remains challenging to treat due to severe side effects and increasing drug resistance associated with current chemotherapies. Our study investigates the anti-leishmanial potential of from Uttarakhand, India, with extracts prepared from leaves and stems using ethanol and hexane. Advanced GC-MS analysis identified over 100 bioactive compounds, which were screened using molecular docking to assess their binding to LdHEL-67, a DDX3-DEAD box RNA helicase of donovani.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Parasitol
December 2024
Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada. Electronic address:
The protozoan parasite Leishmania has a large family of major facilitator membrane proteins part of the Folate Biopterin Transporter (FBT) family. The chromosome 10 of Leishmania has a cluster of 7 FBT genes including the S-Adenosyl methionine (AdoMet) transporter and the functionally characterized folate transporters FT1 and FT5. Six of the 7 FBT proteins coded by this locus are located at the plasma membrane as determined by gene fusions with the green fluorescent protein.
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