The ability of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect Lewis and H antigens in secretions obtained from 280 autopsies was assessed. The ELISA results were compared with those for matched blood specimens examined by agglutination of erythrocytes by monoclonal anti-Lewis(a) and anti-Lewis(b) antibodies. There was good agreement between the results for the two tests and the ELISAs could be used to determine secretor status of the subject. While determination of ABO group with monoclonal anti-A and anti-B was possible even with lysed blood, the results for Lewis typing by erythrocyte agglutination were poor if the sample was lysed or partially lysed. Detection of the antigens by ELISA was as efficient among elderly subjects as among younger ones and both H and Lewis antigens could be detected on erythrocytes and in secretions up to 127 h after death.
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Article Synopsis
- ABH antigens on red blood cells determine blood types (A, B, AB, O) and are also present in various body fluids; individuals with these antigens in their fluids are known as secretors.
- A study in Shillong, India, assessed salivary secretor status in 250 healthy adults, revealing a 57.2% prevalence, with notable trends linked to age, sex, tribe, and blood groups.
- Findings highlight the forensic potential of saliva in identifying blood groups, which can assist in legal matters related to paternity, immigration, and disaster victim identification, as it can be more readily available than blood samples.
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