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Molecular Mechanism of Indoor Exposure to Airborne Halogenated Flame Retardants TCIPP (Tris(1,3-Dichloro-2-Propyl) Phosphate) and TCEP Tris(2-chloroethyl) Phosphate and Their Hazardous Effects on Biological Systems.
Metabolites
December 2024
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
TCIPP (tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate) and TCEP (tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate) are organophosphate ester flame retardants found in various consumer products, posing significant health and environmental risks through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure. Research reveals these compounds cause oxidative stress, inflammation, endocrine disruption, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and potentially hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, developmental, reproductive, and immunotoxicity. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the toxicological mechanisms of TCIPP and TCEP and presents the latest data on their toxicological effects obtained in vitro and in vivo, using omic systems, and on the basis of computational modelling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStereoselective Metabolism, Hepatotoxicity, and Cytotoxic Effects of Four Enantiomers of the Fungicide Propiconazole.
J Agric Food Chem
December 2024
School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China.
Propiconazole (PRO) is a chiral triazole fungicide that has been widely used for several years. However, its metabolic characteristics and hepatotoxicity in the chiral level environment remain unclear. In this study, the stereoselective behavior of PRO was investigated by using liver microsome incubation, cell viability assay, inhalation exposure, and molecular docking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Implications of Depleted Uranium: An Update.
J Appl Toxicol
November 2024
Xi'an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, Research Center for Toxicology and Biological Effects, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, China.
Depleted uranium (DU), as a heavy metal material extensively utilized in the industrial sector, poses potential health risks to humans through various exposure pathways, including inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. To comprehensively understand the toxicological hazards of DU, this study conducted a literature search in the Web of Science Core Collection database using "DU" and "toxicity" as keywords, covering the period from January 2000 to December 2023. A total of 65 papers related to human, animal, or cellular studies on DU were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnexpected Exposure Risks to Emerging Aromatic Amine Antioxidants and -Phenylenediamine Quinones to Residents: Evidence from External and Internal Exposure as Well as Hepatotoxicity Evaluation.
Environ Health (Wash)
May 2024
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Aromatic amine antioxidants (AAs), extensively used in rubber products, and their ozone-photolyzed product -phenylenediamine quinones (PPD-Qs) were found to be pervasive in various environments and with potential ecological and health risks. The relationship between external and internal exposure to these contaminants and their exposure risks to the general population remain poorly explored. Herein, dust-handwipe-urine samples ( = 97 pairs) from families in Tianjin, China was collected for analyzing 20 AAs and 6 PPD-Qs (including self-synthesized emerging PPD-Qs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntraperitoneal hepatorenal toxicity of zinc oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticles in rats: a systematic review.
Nanotoxicology
November 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in various industries due to their distinctive physico-chemical and biological properties. However, concerns have been raised about their potential toxicity in humans. While many studies have reviewed their effects on visceral organs upon ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact, limited reviews are available regarding their adverse consequences on the liver and kidneys resulting from intraperitoneal administration in rats.
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