[Effect of alpha-halogen-alpha-nitroalkanes on methemoglobin formation and activity of antioxidant enzymes in mouse erythrocytes].

It is shown that 1-chlorine, 1-bromine and 1-iodine-nitroethanes intensify methemoglobin formation in vivo. Such an effect was not revealed for 1-fluorine-1-nitroethane. Change of biochemical parameters of erythrocytes under intoxication by alpha-halogen nitroalkanes in a dose LD50 with the exception for 1-fluorine-1-nitroethane is rather identical with that under the intoxication by soda nitrite which is connected with the generality of reaction mechanism of soda nitrite and alpha-halogen-alpha-nitroalkanes with hemoglobin. Thus the administration of alpha-halogen-alpha-nitroalkanes to laboratory animals leads to the increase of the total activity of dehydrogenases of pentose phosphate way and glutathione reductase of erythrocytes (on the example of 1-iodine-1-nitroethane), the increase of lipoperoxidation (on the example of 1-bromine-1-nitroethane), the decrease of catalase activity. Absence of the inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity was found under the intoxication by all the mentioned drugs. The increase of activity of glutathione reductase of erythrocytes (on the example of (1-iodine-1-nitroethane) under intoxication with alpha-halogen-alpha-alkanes in contrast to intoxication by soda nitrite is explained by some differences of mechanisms of hemoglobin interaction with soda nitrite and alpha-halogen-alpha-nitroalkanes.