Objective: To determine risk factors for syphilis and sexually transmitted disease (STD) syndromes, and to study health seeking behaviour among those with STD syndromes, in the population of Mwanza Region, North-Western Tanzania.
Methods: A population-based random cluster sample survey, stratified by rural, roadside or urban residence, of 4173 individuals aged 15-54 years was performed in 1990-91. The seroprevalence of syphilis and the prevalence and incidence of self-reported genital ulcer syndrome (GUS) and genital discharge syndrome (GDS) are reported in the accompanying paper. This paper reports on risk factors for these conditions and on health seeking behaviour among those reporting them.
Results: In both sexes, the risk of STDs increased with the reported number of sexual partners in the previous five years. Men who were separated, divorced or widowed were at increased risk of STDs, but this was not the case among women. Higher educational status was associated with an increased risk of urethral discharge in males but with a decreased prevalence of syphilis in females. Male circumcision was associated with an increased risk of urethral discharge but a reduced prevalence of syphilis. Nearly all men, and 90% of women, reporting symptoms of genital discharge or ulceration had sought treatment. Of these, approximately 70% of males and 60% of females had sought treatment in the official health sector.
Conclusions: Targetted health education concerning risk reduction for HIV infection and other STDs should be a high priority in this population. Improved case management of STDs in health centres and dispensaries may have a substantial impact on the incidence of these infections.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.69.6.421 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an uncommon but severe hyperinflammatory illness that occurs 2 to 6 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Presentation overlaps with other conditions, and risk factors for severity differ by patient. Characterizing patterns of MIS-C presentation can guide efforts to reduce misclassification, categorize phenotypes, and identify patients at risk for severe outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey.
Importance: Clinical trials are vital for advancing cancer treatments and improving patient outcomes. Understanding the factors that influence participants' decision-making is critical for enhancing trial recruitment.
Objective: To evaluate the attitudes of patients with cancer and their relatives toward clinical trial participation, identifying key barriers and motivators that affect their willingness to engage in such trials.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
January 2025
Cancer Foundation of India, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Objective: The case-control study aims to identify the potential risk and protective factors contributing to breast cancer risk in the high-incidence Aizawl population and the low-incidence Agartala population, using age-specific prevalence data of established reproductive factors and body mass index (BMI) among healthy women.
Methods: A risk profile survey was conducted on asymptomatic women aged 30-64 in Aizawl and Agartala towns. Data was analysed using SPSS software.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
January 2025
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
Objective: Addressing the rising cancer rates through timely diagnosis and treatment is crucial. Additionally, cancer survivors need to understand the potential risk of developing secondary cancer (SC), which can be influenced by several factors including treatment modalities, lifestyle choices, and habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption. This study aims to establish a novel relationship using linear regression models between dose and the risk of SC, comparing different prediction methods for lung, colon, and breast cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsian Pac J Cancer Prev
January 2025
Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Background: Cancer cachexia in breast cancer (BC) patients is not commonly reported, particularly in Indonesia. This study assessed the prevalence of cachexia in local patients with BC receiving chemotherapy, and the associated factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 160 BC patients who started chemotherapy between July 2018 and June 2022.
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