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Background: The long-term patterns in first-line glaucoma medication are not well established. Exploring these in longitudinal and population-based settings would provide information for the healthcare systems to plan glaucoma care accordingly.

Objective: To evaluate patterns in first-line glaucoma monotherapy in Finland during 1995-2019 based on nationwide survey and register data.

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Cystitis glandularis (CG) is a chronic hyperplastic disorder of the bladder, and the available clinical drug therapy is insufficient currently. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a bioactive compound extracted from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra, is found with beneficial actions, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. We previously reported that GA relieves CG symptoms in animal model, implying the potential application of GA to treat CG.

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Effect of nalbuphine on analgesia and pain factors after gastric cancer resection.

World J Gastrointest Surg

January 2025

Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou 215299, Jiangsu Province, China.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent tumor in the digestive system, with around one million new cases reported annually, ranking it as the third most common malignancy. Reducing pain is a key research focus. This study evaluates the effect of nalbuphine on the analgesic effect and the expression of pain factors in patients after radical resection.

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Background: Refractory epilepsy poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its resistance to standard antiepileptic therapies, necessitating the exploration of more effective treatment regimens. Lamotrigine, with its proven efficacy and tolerability, offers potential benefits when combined with traditional medications like valproate, though its comprehensive impact on clinical outcomes and neurological markers requires further study.

Objective: To analyze the improvement effect of combined application of lamotrigine on refractory epilepsy patients and its impact on patients' EEG and neurological function.

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Cyclooxygenase 2 overexpression suppresses Smad3 and augments ERK1/2 signaling activated by TGFβ1 in endometrial stromal cells: a novel insight into endometriosis pathogenesis.

Mol Cell Endocrinol

January 2025

The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address:

Research Question: To investigate the underlying mechanisms driving the opposing effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) on the proliferation of control (CESCs) and ectopic (EESCs) endometrial stromal cells.

Design: Cell proliferation assays (CCK-8 and colony formation) were employed to assess the effects of TGFβ1 on CESC and EESC proliferation. An immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line (HESC) was used to elucidate the mechanisms behind cytostatic effect of TGFβ1 and the potential role of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in mediating the modulation of TGFβ1 signaling.

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