Poly U dependent polyphenylalanine synthesis from 14C phenylalanyl-tRNA, under known optimal conditions, in ribosomes obtained from NaF-treated Rabbit reticulocytes, is only slightly stimulated by the addition of ATP, GTP and UTP in the absence of phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase. However, in the presence of the energy generating system, the stimulation by ATP far surpasses that by other nucleotides. A scheme of reactions which help explain this observation is presented.
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A cortico-subcortical loop for motor control via the pontine reticular formation.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Lendület Thalamus Research Group, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary. Electronic address:
Movement and locomotion are controlled by large neuronal circuits like the cortex-basal ganglia (BG)-thalamus loop. Besides the inhibitory thalamic output, the BG directly control movement via specialized connections with the brainstem. Whether other parallel loops with similar logic exist is presently unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProjections from thalamic nucleus reuniens to hippocampal CA1 area participate in context fear extinction by affecting extinction-induced molecular remodeling of excitatory synapses.
Elife
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The ability to extinguish contextual fear in a changing environment is crucial for animal survival. Recent data support the role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) and its projections to the dorsal hippocampal CA1 area (RE→dCA1) in this process. However, it remains poorly understood how RE impacts dCA1 neurons during contextual fear extinction (CFE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRescue-like behavior in a bystander mouse toward anesthetized conspecifics promotes arousal via a tongue-brain connection.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
Prosocial behaviors are advantageous to social species, but the neural mechanism(s) through which others receive benefit remain unknown. Here, we found that bystander mice display rescue-like behavior (tongue dragging) toward anesthetized cagemates and found that this tongue dragging promotes arousal from anesthesia through a direct tongue-brain circuit. We found that a direct circuit from the tongue → glutamatergic neurons in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) → noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) drives rapid arousal in the anesthetized mice that receive the rescue-like behavior from bystanders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBRAF inhibitor monotherapy in BRAFV600E-mutated pediatric low-grade glioma: a single center's experience.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Background: Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) have an overall survival of over 90%; however, patients harboring a BRAF alteration may have worse outcomes, particularly when treated with classic chemotherapy. Combined BRAF/MEK inhibition following incomplete resection demonstrated improved outcome in BRAF altered pLGG compared to combined carboplatin/vincristine chemotherapy and is now considered the standard FDA-approved treatment for this group of tumors. The aim herein was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of single agent BRAF inhibitor treatment in BRAF altered pLGG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistently increased post-stress activity of paraventricular thalamic neurons is essential for the emergence of stress-induced alterations in behaviour.
PLoS Biol
January 2025
Lendület Laboratory of Thalamus Research, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
A single exposure to a stressful event can result in enduring changes in behaviour. Long-term modifications in neuronal networks induced by stress are well explored but the initial steps leading to these alterations remain incompletely understood. In this study, we found that acute stress exposure triggers an immediate increase in the firing activity of calretinin-positive neurons in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT/CR+) that persists for several days in mice.
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