[Enteral nutrition in patients with chronic obstructive bronchopathy treated by artificial ventilation. Effect of conventional feeding on anthropometric and biochemical parameters].

The influence of conventional gastric tube feeding on anthropometric and biochemical parameters was studied prospectively during 12 months in 14 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease put on mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure. The anthropometric parameters were: body weight, tricipital skin fold, brachial and brachial muscle circumferences. The biochemical parameters included albumin, transferrin, retinol binding protein, transthyretin, acid alpha-1-glycoprotein, C-reactive protein, fibronectin and amino acids in blood, and 3-methylhistidine in urine. Measurements were performed on inclusion, then every 3 days until D15. After 15 days of a nutrition bringing 28.8 +/- 8.9 calories/kg/day and 13.9 +/- 2.2 grams of nitrogen per day, no improvement in anthropometric parameters was observed. On D0, comparisons with healthy controls showed that visceral serum proteins levels were significantly lower and inflammatory proteins levels significantly higher (P < 0.05); the levels of protein metabolism markers were higher, but not significantly, and those of the principal glucose-forming amino acids were significantly lower (P < 0.01). On D15, comparisons with the initial values showed that the values of retinol binding protein and transthyretin were increased (P < 0.05 and 0.01 respectively), whereas the values of the other visceral proteins were little modified; yet their concentrations remained significantly lower than those found in controls, except for the retinol binding protein. Inflammatory proteins levels were high, with a significant (P = 0.05) difference for the acid alpha-1-glycoprotein, and the patients remained in slight catabolism while their nitrogen balance was positive. These results should encourage to carry out studies on the qualitative composition of artificial nutrition in order to optimize its effectiveness in the treatment of these patients.