HTM agar was used for in vitro study for antibiotics activity (other than beta-lactams) on H. influenzae. Tested strains belong to various phenotypes. The zone-size breakpoints were determined according to breakpoints concentrations, distribution of bacterial populations and mechanism of resistance. The following zone-size breakpoints could be suggested: chloramphenicol (30 micrograms) > or = 28 and < 24 mm; kanamycin (30 UI) > or = 18 and < 15 mm; gentamicin (10 UI) > or = 16 and < 14 mm; tetracycline (30 UI) > or = 23 and < 18 mm; doxycycline (30 UI) > or = 20 and < 14 mm; minocycline (30 UI) > or = 20 mm; rifampicin (30 micrograms) > or = 24 and < 20 mm; pristinamycin (15 micrograms) > or = 20 mm; erythromycin (15 UI) > or = 22 and < 18 mm; ciprofloxacin (5 micrograms) > or = 30 mm; trimethoprim and co-trimoxazole > or = 24 and < 20 mm.
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Antimicrob Agents Chemother
May 2015
Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Azithromycin is an effective treatment for uncomplicated infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and serovar Paratyphi A (enteric fever), but there are no clinically validated MIC and disk zone size interpretative guidelines. We studied individual patient data from three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antimicrobial treatment in enteric fever in Vietnam, with azithromycin used in one treatment arm, to determine the relationship between azithromycin treatment response and the azithromycin MIC of the infecting isolate. We additionally compared the azithromycin MIC and the disk susceptibility zone sizes of 1,640 S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagn Microbiol Infect Dis
December 2012
Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Beta-lactamase production may not be reliably detected by commonly used susceptibility testing methods such as Kirby-Bauer penicillin disk diffusion and nitrocefin beta-lactamase detection. We assayed 105 apparently penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates using multiple methods to detect beta-lactamase production. The bla(Z) beta-lactamase gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 10 (9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
October 2003
Department of Microbiology, Catholic University of Louvain, Mont-Godinne University Hospital, Yvoir, Belgium.
Objectives: We evaluated the reliability of cefpirome/clavulanate (CD04) compared with ceftazidime/clavulanate (CD02) and cefotaxime/clavulanate (CD03) Oxoid combination discs for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in several Enterobacteriaceae isolates, including Enterobacter spp.
Methods: Overall, a total of 105 ESBL-positive [positive double-disc synergy test (DDST)] and 94 ESBL-negative (negative DDST) Gram-negative isolates were evaluated. Ninety-eight isolates were confirmed as ESBL-positive on the basis of the sequence alignments of the blaTEM and/or blaSHV gene amplification products, which matched with previously identified ESBLs.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
February 2002
The Clinical Microbiology Institute, Wilsonville, Oregon 97070, USA.
Disk diffusion and broth microdilution susceptibility tests were performed with cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, telithromycin, and erythromycin (control) against 407 selected isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Scattergrams were prepared from the results of these tests, and the current NCCLS guidelines for setting disk diffusion test interpretive criteria were applied. Erythromycin zone diameter breakpoints were confirmed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Microbiol Infect
June 2001
Leipzig University, Insitute for Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Liebigstrasse 24, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Objective: This study aimed to establish interpretive criteria for agar diffusion tests with ceftibuten disks according to DIN standards.
Methods: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and inhibition zones produced by ceftibuten in the disk diffusion test were determined for 275 recent bacterial isolates, including 11 species with 25 strains each. Regression analysis was performed for two disk loads (10 microg and 30 microg).
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