Frequency of innate developmental defects, perinatal death rate, spontaneous and induced abortions were statistically studied on the basis of primary medical information from archives of two largest maternity hospitals of Kiev for the period between 1969 and 1989. Significant variations in the chosen characters in different years were found, unidirectional changes in time being absent. No increase in the number of innate defects and frequency of spontaneous abortions after 1986 was found. It is shown necessary to introduce a system of unified registration of innate developmental defects adopted by an international register as well as to use more perfect mathematical methods for correct estimation of the processes occurring in human populations.
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Mar Drugs
December 2024
Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto/UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto 14096-900, SP, Brazil.
Lectins are non-covalent glycan-binding proteins found in all living organisms, binding specifically to carbohydrates through glycan-binding domains. Lectins have various biological functions, including cell signaling, molecular recognition, and innate immune responses, which play multiple roles in the physiological and developmental processes of organisms. Moreover, their diversity enables biotechnological exploration as biomarkers, biosensors, drug-delivery platforms, and lead molecules for anticancer, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Immunol
January 2025
Innate Cells and Th2 Immunity Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are sentinels of the mammalian immune system that sense a wide range of danger and homeostatic signals to induce appropriately targeted T cell immune responses. Traditionally classified into two main subsets, cDC1 and cDC2, recent research shows that cDC2s exhibit significant heterogeneity and can be further subdivided. Studies in mice and humans show that, beyond their ontogeny, cDC2s acquire dynamic and tissue-specific characteristics that are influenced by local environmental signals, which impact on their functions during homeostasis, inflammation, and infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Discov
January 2025
Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Single-cell three-dimensional (3D) genome techniques have advanced our understanding of cell-type-specific chromatin structures in complex tissues, yet current methodologies are limited in cell throughput. Here we introduce a high-throughput single-cell Hi-C (dscHi-C) approach and its transcriptome co-assay (dscHi-C-multiome) using droplet microfluidics. Using dscHi-C, we investigate chromatin structural changes during mouse brain aging by profiling 32,777 single cells across three developmental stages (3 months, 12 months, and 23 months), yielding a median of 78,220 unique contacts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Evol
January 2025
Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Bats have adapted to pathogens through diverse mechanisms, including increased resistance - rapid pathogen elimination, and tolerance - limiting tissue damage following infection. In the Egyptian fruit bat (an important model in comparative immunology) several mechanisms conferring disease tolerance were discovered, but mechanisms underpinning resistance remain poorly understood. Previous studies on other species suggested that elevated basal expression of innate immune genes may lead to increased resistance to infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetab Eng
January 2025
Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. Electronic address:
D-allose is a rare monosaccharide, found naturally in low abundances. Due to its low-calorie profile and similar taste to sucrose, D-allose has the potential to become an ideal sugar substitute. D-allose also displays unique properties and health benefits that can be applied to various fields, including food and medicine.
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