The microbial composition of grain harvested in a wet (1973) and dry (1972) season was investigated. The largest amount of strains of Aspergillus flavus--the main producer of aflatoxins-was found in the surface layer of the heap of self-heating grain. The content of toxigenic strains of A. flavus in the grain harvested during the two seasons was stable amounting to 6.8%. Aflatoxins were detected in 17.4% samples of self-heating grain. Self-heating was followed by an accumulation of aflatoxins and deterioration of biochemical and baking properties of grain.
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Anal Chem
November 2022
State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR) technique is significant for catalyst characterization. The available instruments typically measure the H consumption using a thermal conductivity detector (TCD), which is strongly affected by the produced HO molecules. Herein, we demonstrate an TPR technology based on a silicon microcantilever, in which resonance exciting/detecting components and heating electrodes for catalyst samples are integrated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2021
Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-6104, United States.
The implementation of 5G-and-beyond networks requires faster, high-performance, and power-efficient semiconductor devices, which are only possible with materials that can support higher frequencies. Gallium nitride (GaN) power amplifiers are essential for 5G-and-beyond technologies since they provide the desired combination of high frequency and high power. These applications along with terrestrial hub and backhaul communications at high power output can present severe heat removal challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
November 2020
Aero-Engine Thermal Environment and Structure Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
Cyclic response and fatigue behavior are sensitive to the microstructure of material induced by heat treatment. In this paper, three sets of high-temperature superalloy Inconel 718 with different heat treatment, namely annealed, aged, and directly aged high quality (DAHQ), are compared. Difference in grain size distribution, phase, and precipitate, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2019
Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwarków 1, 40-166, Katowice, Poland.
The gaseous products emitted in the self-heating process constitute one of the parameters suggested for detecting coal spontaneous combustion in underground mining. The objective of the study is to investigate the changes of ethylene and propylene content in a gaseous mixture which flowed through a fixed bed column filled with bituminous coal of different grain size. The mixtures of fire gases were obtained from laboratory simulated heating of coal at the temperatures of 373 K, 423 K, 473 K and 523 K.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
January 2019
State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
Bulk SS304 polycrystalline materials with ultrafine microstructures were prepared via a high-pressure self-heating melting and quenching method. Analyses of phase composition, grain size and microstructure were performed using metallographic analysis, X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The effects of pressure and cooling rate on the solidification of SS304 were analyzed.
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