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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Deficiency and Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in a Young Patient.
Cureus
January 2025
Genetics Clinic, Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicosia, CYP.
Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the Western world. MASLD-associated cirrhosis prevalence is on the rise along with the obesity and metabolic syndrome epidemic. Genetic factors are included in the multi-hit model of MASLD pathogenesis and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has an important role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrated bioinformatics and multi-omics to investigate the mechanism of Rhododendron molle Flos-induced hepatotoxicity.
J Ethnopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Preparation Center, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021, China.
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important and common adverse drug event. Rhododendron molle Flos (RMF), as one of toxic Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), holds a prominent position in clinical practice for treating rheumatoid arthritis. However, the toxicity of RMF limits its safe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of Liver Disease on Use of Muscle Relaxants in Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review.
Med Sci Monit
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- Skeletal muscle relaxants are commonly used in anesthesia for surgeries, mechanical ventilation, and intubation, creating a conduction block at the neuromuscular junction.
- Reversal agents, like neostigmine and sugammadex, help terminate the neuromuscular blockade and prevent residual effects, but their efficacy can be affected by liver and kidney dysfunction.
- Liver damage, which can stem from various causes including drug toxicity and metabolic disorders, impairs drug metabolism and can lead to systemic complications, ultimately impacting the use of muscle relaxants in patients with liver disease.
Mildly Elevated Liver Transaminase Levels: Causes and Evaluation.
Am Fam Physician
December 2024
St. Luke's Family Medicine Residency-Sacred Heart Campus, Allentown, Penn.
Approximately 10% to 20% of the general population has elevated liver chemistry levels, including aspartate and alanine transaminases. Elevated transaminase levels may be associated with significant underlying liver disease and increased risk of liver-related and all-cause mortality. The most common causes of mildly elevated transaminase levels (two to five times the upper limit of normal) are metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcoholic liver disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepeated Injection of Xylazine Causes Liver Injury Through the PPAR Signaling Pathway in Rats.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol
January 2025
Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Article Synopsis
- Xylazine is increasingly being used as a street drug, leading to global cases of poisoning, but its long-term effects on liver health, specifically nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are still unclear.
- In a study, rats given xylazine for 28 days showed weight loss and elevated liver enzymes, indicating liver damage; histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of steatosis, necrosis, and fibrosis in the liver.
- Genetic analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression linked to the PPAR signaling pathway, suggesting that this pathway is crucial in the development of xylazine-induced liver injury and NAFLD.
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