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Intestinal neutrophil extracellular traps promote gut barrier damage exacerbating endotoxaemia, systemic inflammation and progression of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.
Diabetologia
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Aims/hypothesis: Within the small intestine, neutrophils play an integral role in preventing bacterial infection. Upon interaction with bacteria or bacteria-derived antigens, neutrophils initiate a multi-staged response of which the terminal stage is NETosis, formation of protease-decorated nuclear DNA into extracellular traps. NETosis has a great propensity to elicit ocular damage and has been associated with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema (DME) progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorking years lost in people with epilepsy: a population-based cohort study.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
January 2025
National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Background: We quantify the loss of working years for people with epilepsy compared with the general population and consider variation by aetiology, psychiatric comorbidity, sex and age.
Methods: This population-based cohort study included all individuals aged 18-65 years living in Denmark from 1995 to 2018. Using nationwide registers since 1977, we identified people with epilepsy and obtained information on the main source of income or employment for each year during follow-up from 1995 to 2020.
Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.
Nature
January 2025
Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown. We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic allostery in the peptide/MHC complex enables TCR neoantigen selectivity.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
The inherent antigen cross-reactivity of the T cell receptor (TCR) is balanced by high specificity. Surprisingly, TCR specificity often manifests in ways not easily interpreted from static structures. Here we show that TCR discrimination between an HLA-A*03:01 (HLA-A3)-restricted public neoantigen and its wild-type (WT) counterpart emerges from distinct motions within the HLA-A3 peptide binding groove that vary with the identity of the peptide's first primary anchor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence and Temporal Trends of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Fills During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Denmark.
Paediatr Drugs
January 2025
National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 26, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark.
Background And Objectives: Females of reproductive age are increasingly using attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication, but its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of ADHD medication fills during pregnancy and breastfeeding, including characteristics of these females and cohort differences over time.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive study using Danish nationwide registers.
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