Aims: To assess the distribution of gamma delta T-cells in the human bronchial tree; and to compare quantitatively the differences between gamma delta T-cell numbers in different parts of the airway wall in smokers and non-smokers.
Methods: Full thickness bronchial wall sections were taken from 10 whole lung specimens from both smokers and non-smokers. Serial cryostat sections stained with the monoclonal antibodies CD3 and TCR delta-1 were examined with the aid of interactive image analysis to assess gamma delta T-cell numbers both in absolute terms and as a proportion of total T lymphocyte numbers.
Results: In all cases gamma delta T-cells were demonstrable throughout the airway wall. Although in absolute terms they tend to occur predominantly in the bronchial epithelium, this seems to reflect higher numbers of T lymphocytes in the epithelium in general compared with the submucosa. No genuine epitheliotropism is evident. Comparison by smoking status shows a significant increase in gamma delta T-cell numbers in the bronchial glands of smokers compared with non-smokers.
Conclusions: gamma delta T-cells form an integral though variable component of the immunocompetent cell population of the human airway in both smokers and non-smokers. Although epitheliotropism does not exist in the bronchial tree, gamma delta T-cells seem to form a significant part of the bronchial gland inflammation associated with smoking.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.46.10.926 | DOI Listing |
Methods Cell Biol
January 2025
Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany. Electronic address:
T cells expressing the γδ T-cell receptor (TCR) represent a numerically small proportion of total T cells. Unlike αβ T cells they are activated by non-peptide antigens independently of MHC-presentation. γδ T cells have been recognized as a favorable prognostic marker across different tumor entities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeroscience
January 2025
Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 125047, Russia.
Age-related dependencies of electric and spectral powers in conventional frequency bands were studied by the newly proposed method of detailed spectral analysis. The magnetic encephalograms (MEG) and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the head were obtained from the open archive Cam-CAN. The spatial distributions of elementary spectral components (MEG-based functional tomograms) were reconstructed from MEG for 501 subjects (248 males and 253 females, ages 18-88 years, mean age 54.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying emotional processing is critical for advancing neuroscience and mental health interventions. This study examined these mechanisms by analyzing EEG connectivity patterns across different brain regions while participants evoked various emotions. After applying independent component analysis (ICA) to eliminate non-cortical activity, we assessed frequency-specific connectivity patterns using coherence, Granger causality, and graph theoretical measures to evaluate both functional and effective connectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
In the dyotropic rearrangement of molecules with semiflexible structures, characterized by a freely rotating static C-C bond, the formation of a mixture of products is common due to the coexistence of several energetically comparable conformers. Herein, we report that it is possible to modulate the shifting groups by adjusting the metal's coordination sphere in Pd-based dyotropic rearrangement. In the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(II) salt, the reaction of γ-hydroxyalkenes or γ,δ-dihydroxyalkenes with Selectfluor affords fluorinated tetrahydropyranols or 6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Grupo de Investigación en Energías Renovables y Meteorología-GIERMET, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, Cra 22 No 18b -10, Quibdó, Colombia.
The corrosion rates of carbon steel and galvanized steel according to the ISO 9223 standard, the effect of pollutant contamination and atmospheric aggressiveness under high rainfall conditions in the Chocó department were studied. Carbon and galvanized steel samples, chloride, and sulfur collectors were exposed in three atmospheric stations in three strategic positions covering the Colombian Pacific: Quibdó, Andagoya and Bahía Solano, for different exposure periods (up to 18 months). The structural-micro characterization of corrosion products was evaluated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy SEM-EDS.
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