[The comparative evaluation of the efficacy of different therapeutic plans in acute nonlymphocytic leukemias].

78 previously untreated patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) were assigned to cytosar-anthracyclines therapeutic programs: 29 (group I) received daunorubicin and AraC, 18 (group II) aclacinomycin A and AraC, 12 (group III) the scheme 3 + 7 with 12 mg/m2 novantron instead of daunorubicin, 19 (group IV) the scheme 3 + 7 with 12 mg/m2 idarubicin and cytosar. Groups I-III comprised both prognostically favorable and unfavorable ANLL variants, group 4 patients had for the most part unfavorable prognosis (MO-M3). A mean age of the patients was 41-42. Complete remissions were observed in 17 (58.6%), 9 (50%), 10 (83.3%), 11 (57.9%) patients of groups I, II, III and IV, respectively. An initial course of the treatment produced complete remissions in 65%, 33%, 80% and 90.9% of them, respectively. A mean duration of cytostatic leukothrombocytopenia was the longest in groups III and IV (16-22 days). Nonhematological toxicity occurred in the form of enteropathy and hepatitis. During the remission induction and consolidation 76% of the deaths were caused by infection and hemorrhagic diathesis. The median remission lasted 17.5, 13.5 and 5 months in groups I, II and III, respectively, and was not reached in group IV because of continuing remission in 50% of the patients by the end of the follow-up period (14 months). A 2-year survival rate was observed in 25% (group I), 11% (group II), 30% (group III) and 40% (group IV).